摘要
黑潮是北太平洋西部边界流,能够携带西太平洋暖池热量向北输送,影响中国海的水文循环及全球气候。本研究利用高分辨率区域海洋模式(ROMS),模拟了现代及末次冰盛期(LGM)黑潮流量和流轴的三维结构。气候态分析再现了现代黑潮的流量,在PCM-1阵列、PN测线和吐噶喇海峡的流量分别是23.8 Sv、28.0 Sv和28.2 Sv,与观测结果接近。LGM模拟中以上3个断面流量分别为34.5 Sv、34.4 Sv和34.9 Sv,流量明显增加。垂直结构显示末次冰盛期(LGM)时期黑潮主轴仍位于冲绳海槽内,深度范围也比现代大。LGM时期黑潮进入冲绳海槽前受到海槛阻挡,部分黑潮流向发生偏转,使得琉球海流加强。LGM时期黑潮加强主要受副热带环流圈信风加强和风应力旋度减小造成的Sverdrup输送加强控制。黑潮上游北赤道流加强,导致向北输送流量增加。研究结果可以帮助认识黑潮在全球水循环的重要作用。
The Kuroshio is a significant western boundary current in the North Pacific Ocean,responsible for carrying heat from the Western Pacific warm pool to the north,which in turn impacts the hydrological cycle of China seas and the global climate.This study utilized a high⁃resolution Regional Ocean Model with horizotal resolution of 1/12°and 40 vertical sigma layers to simulate the three⁃dimensional structure of the East China Sea Kuroshio and its axis during the present and the last glacial maximum(LGM).The domain ranges from 30°E to 70°W and 30°S to 67°N,covering the entire North Pacific Ocean and the North Indian Ocean.The results of climatological analysis revealed that the ROMS accurately reproduced the flow of the modern Kuroshio,with a volume transport of 23.8 Sv,28.0 Sv,and 28.2 Sv at the PCM⁃1 array(24.5°N,121.8°E~23.99°N,123.4°E),line PN(30.5°N,124.5°E~27.5°N,128.4°E),and Tokara Strait(28.83°N,129.5°E~30.39°N,130.7°E),respectively,which closely aligns with observational data.During the LGM,Kuroshio's volume transport at these three sections increased significantly to 34.5 Sv,34.4 Sv and 34.9 Sv,respectively.The vertical structure shows that the Kuroshio remained in the Okinawa Trough during the LGM,but the depth range are larger than it is today.During the LGM,the Kuroshio was impeded by the sill between Taiwan and Yonaguni islands before entering the Okinawa Trough.A fraction of the Kuroshio was deflected to the east,which strengthened the Ryukyu Current.The strengthening of the Kuroshio during the LGM can be attributed to the trade winds'strengthening in the subtropical region and the enhancement of the Sverdrup transport caused by the reduction of wind stress curl.The strengthening of the North Equatorial Current in the upstream of the Kuroshio has led to its increase to the north.Overall,these findings demonstrate the significant influence of the Kuroshio on the global hydrological cycle.
作者
赵子荟
马文涛
张晓
ZHAO Zihui;MA Wentao;ZHANG Xiao(State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics,Second Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Hangzhou 310012,Zhejiang;School of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing,210044,Jiangsu)
出处
《第四纪研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期1029-1041,共13页
Quaternary Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:42276063和42188102)
同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室自主项目(批准号:MGK202103)共同资助。
关键词
末次冰盛期
黑潮
流量
表层海水温度
数值模拟
Last Glacial Maximum
Kuroshio
volume transport
sea surface temperature
numerical model
