摘要
世界之所以恒生,是因为“生生”为宇宙本体“道”的本质属性。由道而形成的天地秉承了道生生的属性,通过阴阳交感而化生万物。天地生生展现的宇宙由简单到复杂的序列,即太极生天地四象八卦万物。自然界八卦相互交感、切摩、推荡而成就两大类事物。万物生成后,按照自己属性,随着四时更替、八卦方位流转,生生不息,循环往复,以至无穷。六十四卦符号排列及其互变,则再现了世界物与物生生之图式。生生是人类生存属性,《易传》以人体及其属性解释天地自然,如以男女比喻阴阳,以家庭成员解释八卦关系,以人体器官对应八卦。《易传》详细地描述了男女交媾时生殖器的状态及其生男生女的结果,这一思想是古代生殖器崇拜的遗存。人之生生是家庭、社会、伦理、制度及其文明创新之源。《易传》从人体出发解释天地自然,天地之道内涵了人道,人道是天道的原型,然后以天道立人道,实现了天人合一。在这个意义上,与其说人是天地的副本,不如说天是人的副本。《易传》天人观根植于人体,是通过对人体的解释完成的。这是中国古代天人之学的表现形式,也是中国早期儒家哲学的显著特点。《易传》生生哲学与老子哲学皆重视人体,但出发点不同,《易传》的生生哲学更异于西方的生命哲学。
The reason the world produces things eternally is that“sheng sheng”(producing and reproducing)is the essential attribute of the Dao—the universe's essential property.Formed by the Dao,heaven and earth inherit the attribute of Dao's sheng sheng and transform all things through the interaction of yin and yang.The sequence of the universe represented by the sheng sheng of heaven and earth,from simple to complex,is the Taiji(Supreme Ultimate)producing heaven,earth,four images,eight trigrams and all things.The eight trigrams of nature interact,and push and sway mutually to achieve two major categories of things.After all things are generated,according to their own attributes,they continue to grow and cycle back and forth to infinity following the changes of the four seasons and the direction of motion of the eight trigrams.The arrangement and mutual transformation of the sixty-four hexagrams represent a diagram of the production and reproduction(sheng sheng)of things in the world.Sheng sheng is the attribute of human survival.Yi zhuan(Commentaries on the Changes)explains the nature of heaven and earth through the human body and its attributes,such as comparing yin and yang to men and women,explaining the relationship between the eight trigrams with family members,and corresponding the eight trigrams with human organs.Yi zhuan provides a detailed description of the state of the genitalia during sexual intercourse,as well as the results of giving birth to male and female offspring.This idea is a relic of ancient genital worship.Human life is the source of innovation in family,society,ethics,regulatory systems,and their civilization.Yi zhuan explains the nature of heaven and earth from the perspective of the human body.The Dao of heaven and earth embodies the Dao of human beings,which is the prototype of the Dao of heaven,and therefore establishes the Dao of human beings based on the Dao of heaven,achieving the unity of heaven and human.In this sense,rather than saying that humans are transcripts of heaven and eart
出处
《周易研究》
北大核心
2023年第3期5-15,共11页
Studies of Zhouyi
关键词
《易传》
生生
本体
人体
原型
Yizhuan
sheng sheng
noumenon
human body
prototype
