摘要
近年来,北极地区的战略地位和国际关注度显著提升,逐渐由国际社会协商共治的“特殊区域”转变为大国博弈的新战场。为增强其地缘政治影响力,以美国为首的西方国家以利己性诉求为基准,谋求将小多边主义的做法移植到北极地区。美国及其北极盟友所采取的小多边主义主要特征体现为:一是强调以共同身份塑造排他性准入规则;二是以实用、功利的态度对待区域性机制;三是谋求将联盟体系渗入北极地区。区域性机制合法性不足、大国博弈增强、北极国家威胁认知激增以及地区军事化动向等是导致北极地区出现小多边主义现象的深层原因。对此,中国应秉持“真正的多边主义”观,促进北极命运共同体的实现。
In recent years,the strategic status and international attention of the Arctic region have increased significantly,and it has gradually transformed from a“special region”which joint governance by the international community to a new battleground for the game of great powers.In order to enhance their geopolitical influence,the U.S.and other Western countries have sought to transplant the practice of mini-multilateralism to the Arctic region based on their self-interested claims.In terms of its characteristics,the mini-multilateralism adopted by the U.S.and its Arctic allies is mainly manifested as follows:first,it emphasizes the shaping of exclusive access rules with a common identity;second,it treats regional mechanisms in a practical and utilitarian attitude;and third,it seeks to infiltrate the alliance system into the Arctic region.The reasons for these are the lack of legitimacy of regional mechanisms,the increase in great power games,the proliferation of threat perceptions of Arctic states,and the militarization of the region,which have led to the emergence of a mini-multilateralism in the Arctic.In this regard,China should maintain“true multilateralism”in order to promote the realization of a community with a shared future of Arctic.
作者
杨光铭
朱翊民
YANG Guangming;ZHU Yimin(China Foreign Affairs University)
出处
《边界与海洋研究》
2023年第4期72-87,共16页
Journal of Boundary and Ocean Studies
关键词
北极治理
大国博弈
美国外交
小多边主义
Arctic governance
great power game
American foreign policy
mini-multilateralism
