摘要
农业强国是我国质量强国建设的重要组成部分,标准化作为推进农业转型升级、参与国际市场竞争、提升全球治理话语权的重要依托,对加快推进新时期农业强国建设意义重大。本文通过总结主要农业强国标准化建设经验,回顾我国农业标准化建设历程,系统分析了新时期我国农业标准化的内涵、特征、趋势;剖析了新时期农业标准化面临的现实困境,针对性提出了标准助力农业强国建设的方法路径。研究发现,新时期我国农业标准化呈现参与主体市场化、覆盖环节链条化、实施模式多元化、服务对象精准化、价值追求全面化、演进路径国际化的主要特征及趋势,需要正确处理好标准化与农业供给保障、科技装备、经营体系、产业韧性、可持续发展、国际竞争力的内在关系,有效解决对政府公共标准的制度依赖、市场“黄金标准”缺失、上下游环节标准协同性不强、社会主体参与度有限、标准国际化进程缓慢等问题。为进一步推动标准化助力农业强国建设,本文提出了包括着力打造农业标准化协同共治、良性互动的局面,加快构建高质量、有生命力的农业全产业链标准体系,有序提升农业标准化的国际话语权及内核力等实施路径,更好发挥标准化在农业强国建设中的基础性、引领性、战略性作用。
Standardization is crucial for promoting the transformation and upgrading of agriculture in China,participating in international market competition,and enhancing China’s right of speed regarding global governance.This study summarizes the standardization practices of major agricultural powers worldwide,reviews the agricultural standardization progress of China,and analyzes the implications,characteristics,and trends of agricultural standardization in China in the new era.It also examines the realistic predicament faced by China and proposes paths for strengthening the agriculture sector of China through standardization.The agricultural standardization of China exhibits the following major features and trends:marketization of participants,covering many chains,diversification of implementation modes,precision of service objects,all-round pursuit of values,and internationalization of the evolution path.It is necessary to properly handle the internal relations between standardization and factors such as agricultural supply,scientific and technological equipment,management systems,industrial resilience,sustainable development,and international competitiveness.Problems including dependence on government public standards,lack of golden standards in market,inadequate coordination between standards of upstream and downstream links,limited participation of social subjects,and slow progress in standards internationalization must be addressed.To further promote agricultural standardization in China,we propose the following implementing paths:(1)creating a situation featuring coordination and interaction of agricultural standardization,(2)establishing an agricultural industry chain standards system that features high quality and vitality,and(3)promoting China’s right of speech and core competitiveness regarding agricultural standardization.
作者
燕艳华
王亚华
云振宇
席兴军
初侨
谢丽华
王宇彤
Yan Yanhua;Wang Yahua;Yun Zhenyu;Xi Xingjun;Chu Qiao;Xie Lihua;Wang Yutong(China National Institute of Standardization,Beijing 100191,China;School of Public Policy and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《中国工程科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期202-213,共12页
Strategic Study of CAE
基金
中国工程院咨询项目“国家标准化发展战略研究”(2019-ZD-26)。
关键词
农业强国
农业标准化
农业全产业链
标准体系
agricultural competitiveness
agricultural standardization
agricultural whole industry chain
standards system
