摘要
基于现有耕地优势并开发利用好各类后备耕地资源,对确保国家粮食与生态安全意义重大。黄河三角洲(黄三角)盐碱地后备耕地资源丰富,农业开发利用潜力巨大,但因水资源短缺、水土资源配置不平衡而制约了高效可持续利用。本文梳理了黄三角滨海盐碱地治理利用与种植业发展现状,详细分析了地区水土资源条件,从水资源供应、地下水位调控、治理利用体系、科技创新及运行管理等方面明晰了发展挑战。提出的水土资源高效可持续利用与均衡配置策略为:适度增加引黄配额并实施滨海入海河道水系联通工程以优化调配区域水资源,启动高标准灌排体系完善与配套建设工程以促进耕地提质增效,加快盐碱地治理利用关键技术集成示范推广以发挥科技支撑作用。相关成果可为我国滨海盐碱地综合治理与高效利用、农业可持续发展等研究提供启发和参考。
To ensure national food and ecological security in China,it is essential to develop various reserve resources for cultivated land based on existing farmland advantages.Owing to abundant saline-alkali land reserves,the Yellow River Delta has enormous potentials for agriculture development.However,water scarcity and imbalance between water and land resources allocation have significantly limited the efficient utilization of saline-alkali land in this region.According to the development status regarding saline alkali soil amelioration and crop production,this study analyzes water and land resource conditions,clarifies major challenges for the sustainable development of local agriculture from the perspectives of water resource supply,groundwater table regulation,management and utilization system of saline-alkali land,technological innovation,and follow-up engineering maintenance,and proposes strategies for efficient use and coordinated allocation of water and land resources in the region.The strategies include:(1)increasing water supply from the Yellow River and connecting the coastal hydrographic net to make optimal allocation of regional water resources;(2)improving irrigation and drainage systems and auxiliary projects to enhance the quality of arable lands;and(3)accelerating demonstration and promotion of key technologies for saline-alkali soil amelioration to fully leverage the supporting function of sciences and technologies.The research results can provide a reference for comprehensive governance and utilization of saline-alkali land and agricultural sustainable development.
作者
左强
吴训
石建初
王全九
刘兆辉
朱安宁
尹冬勤
冯权泷
纪文君
康绍忠
Zuo Qiang;Wu Xun;Shi Jianchu;Wang Quanjiu;Liu Zhaohui;Zhu Anning;Yin Dongqin;Feng Quanlong;Ji Wenjun;Kang Shaozhong(College of Land Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;School of Water Resources and Hydropower,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China;Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《中国工程科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期169-179,共11页
Strategic Study of CAE
基金
中国工程院咨询项目“黄河三角洲滨海盐碱地综合治理与生产效能绿色提升战略研究”(202201SDS01)。
关键词
黄河三角洲
滨海盐碱地
治理与利用
水土资源配置
农业可持续发展
Yellow River Delta
coastal saline-alkali cultivated land
management and utilization
water and land resources allocation
sustainable development of agriculture
