摘要
随着全球油气资源开采的不断深入,深井和超深井钻井提速技术逐渐成为提高地下油气资源开采能力的重要手段。其中高压射流辅助钻井技术是油气钻井提速的重要技术手段之一,不仅能大幅提高钻进效率,还能延长钻头使用寿命、降低热磨损和增加井底清洗效果。为此,在系统介绍高压射流辅助钻井理论的基础上,重点阐述了高压射流破岩、射流—机械联合破岩和射流辅助携岩机理,探讨了射流辅助钻井技术的发展趋势,并对地面和井下2种主要增压方式及相关设备进行了详细论述,最后结合射流辅助钻井的发展历程,深入分析了脉冲射流、磨料射流、CO_(2)射流等先进射流辅助钻井破岩及携岩的发展趋势。研究结果表明:(1)未来地面增压泵将朝着大泵压、大排量方向发展,井下增压器将会进一步致力于延长寿命和提升可靠性;(2)先进射流辅助钻井虽然存在一定不足,但是其辅助钻井优势突出,有望解决目前地面增压与井下增压的瓶颈。结论认为,对高压射流辅助钻井技术、射流增压装置和先进射流辅助钻井技术现状的回顾和分析,明确了制约当前深层油气优快钻进的关键问题,为钻井提速提效提供了新的研究思路和发展方向。
With the continuous exploitation of global oil and gas resources,the ROP(rate of penetration)improvement technology for deep and ultra-deep wells has gradually become an important means to enhance the exploitation capacity of underground oil and gas resources.One of the main technologies to improve the ROP in oil and gas wells is high pressure jet assisted drilling technology,which can greatly increase the drilling efficiency,and also improve bit lifetime,reduce thermal wear,and enhance bottom hole cleaning.In this paper,the theories of high pressure jet assisted drilling are introduced systematically,with a particular emphasis on the mechanisms of rock breaking by high pressure jet,rock breaking by jet-mechanical combination,and jet assisted cuttings carrying.Then,the development trend of jet assisted drilling technology is discussed,and two ground and downhole boosting modes and the related equipment are described in detail.Finally,based on the development history of jet assisted drilling,the development trends of advanced jet assisted drilling(e.g.pulse jet,abrasive jet,and CO_(2) jet)in rock breaking and cuttings carrying are analyzed deeply.The following research results are obtained.First,the future ground boosting pumps will develop to large pump pressure and displacement,and downhole boosters will further focus on life extension and reliability improvement.Second,advanced jet assisted drilling has some drawbacks,but it has a great advantage in drilling assistance and may be able to break the current bottlenecks of ground and downhole boosting.In conclusion,this paper systematically reviews and analyzes the status of high pressure jet assisted drilling technology,jet boosting device and advanced jet assisted drilling technology,and analyzes the current key problems restricting the optimal fast drilling in deep oil and gas layers,so as to provide new research ideas and development directions for ROP improvement,displaying better reference and guidance signific ance.
作者
蔡灿
曹文洋
谢全功
曾浪
周圣文
康传哲
CAI Can;CAO Wenyang;XIE Quangong;ZENG Lang;ZHOU Shengwen;KANG Chuanzhe(High Pressure Jet Theory and Application Technology Laboratory,College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China;MOE Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Equipment,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China;State Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation//Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China)
出处
《天然气工业》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期116-126,共11页
Natural Gas Industry
基金
国家重点基础研究计划项目“超临界二氧化碳强化页岩气高效开发基础”(编号:2014CB239200)
国家自然科学基金重点项目“海相页岩水平井超临界二氧化碳压裂机理与一体化模拟研究”(编号:52234003)
地热资源开发技术与装备教育部工程研究中心开放课题“地热井非平面齿PDC钻头喷射钻井提速机理及射流调控研究”(编号:22016)
油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室开放基金“高压CO_(2)射流—非平面齿复合破岩机理及喷嘴布置设计研究”(编号:PLN2022-37)。
