摘要
近年我国新发现的≥50岁艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者和艾滋病(AIDS)患者(简称HIV/AIDS)人数逐年增加,经性途径传播为AIDS主要传播方式。我国西部地区中老年人群的AIDS疫情一直处于上升态势,以异性传播为主;≥50岁居多;男女比例约为3∶1;文化程度普遍偏低,以农民为主。无保护性商业性行为和婚内性行为是该人群AIDS疫情居高不下的主要原因,且该人群就医意识差,直到HIV感染晚期才被发现的比例高。宜广泛推进各地区,尤其是农村地区的HIV自愿咨询检测服务和重点地区人群筛查,配置HIV快速筛查试剂,对该人群做到应检尽检;对疫情严重地区开展HIV分子传播网络监测并实施个体化干预,以有效遏制AIDS发生与蔓延。
In recent years,the number of newly discovered people over 50 years old who are infected with HIV(IIV)and AIDS(HIV/AIDS)has been increasing year by year in China,it has become a new trend and characteristic of AIDS epidemic that the main epidemic mode of AIDS is sexual transmission.Especially in the west of China,the epidemic situation of AIDS among the middle-aged and elderly people has been on the rise,mainly heterosexual transmission;Most of them are over 50 years old;The ratio of male to female is about 3:l;The education level is generally low,mainly farmers.Unprotected commercial sex and marital sex are the main reasons for the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS in this population,and the poor consciousness of seeking medical treatment leads to the high rate of late detection of HIV infection.It is advisable to widely promote HIV voluntary counseling and testing services in all areas,especially in rural areas and screening of key areas of the population,configure HIV rapid screening reagents,and to be tested thoroughly,carry out HIV molecular transmission network monitoring and implement individualized interventions in areas with serious epidemics,which can effectively curb the occurrence and spread of AIDS.
作者
林焕年
LIN Huan-nian(Section of lmmunization Planning,Xiriangtang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning,Guangxi 530000,China)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2023年第6期477-480,共4页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
关键词
艾滋病
疾病流行特点
危险因素
防控策略
中老年人
西部地区
AIDS
Epidemiological characteristics
Risk factors
Prevention and control strategies
Middle-aged and elderly
Westernregion
