摘要
【目的】探寻阳光玫瑰葡萄叶片大面积普遍黄化的原因以及行之有效的矫正方案,为切实解决葡萄叶片黄化问题提供参考依据。【方法】以出现黄化症状的阳光玫瑰葡萄植株为材料,调查郑州地区24个黄化葡萄园,测定其理化指标以及土壤不同形态铁含量。分析土壤和叶片元素含量、FCR酶活性、根系铁含量以及根系活力的差异,初步确定叶片黄化的原因。以盆栽试验的方法,用NaHCO_(3)和NaOH处理后观察黄化情况,测定并分析叶片铁含量、FCR酶活性及根系铁含量的差异,进一步确定黄化的原因。设计3种矫正方案对黄化植株进行处理,通过观察复绿情况和叶片营养元素变化,验证叶片黄化的发生原因,探索可行的矫正方案。【结果】调查结果表明,所有园区土壤均呈碱性,且大部分黄化园区土壤有效铁并不缺乏,植株黄化程度与土壤pH值、EC值、有机质含量以及全铁和有效铁含量相关性均不显著。在大田试验中,黄化植株与正常植株的土壤均偏碱性,土壤中氮以硝态氮为主。黄化植株根际土壤中速效元素氮、磷、铁、铜、锌含量均显著低于正常植株的土壤,速效钾含量显著高于正常植株的土壤,二者土壤全铁含量差异不显著。不同程度黄化叶片中氮、磷、钾、有效铁以及铜、锌的含量均显著低于正常植株。黄化植株根系中全铁含量显著高于正常植株。正常叶片全铁含量显著高于黄化叶片,不同程度的黄化叶片全铁含量随黄化程度增大而增加。黄化和正常植株根系活性无显著差异,黄化叶片FCR酶活性受到显著抑制。在盆栽试验中,NaHCO_(3)溶液处理的植株叶片发生黄化,而用pH值为9的NaOH溶液处理的植株并未发生黄化现象。NaHCO_(3)诱导发生黄化的植株根系铁含量、叶片铁以及FCR酶活性与大田试验结果相似,黄化植株根系铁大量积累,且显著高于正常植株,叶片FCR酶活性受�
【Objective】The experiment was undertaken to explore the reasons for the widespread chlorosis of Shine Muscat grape leaves and the effective correction scheme,so as to provide a reference basis for solving the problem of grape leaf chlorosis.【Methods】Shine Muscat grapevines with chlorotic symptoms were chosen as the materials,24 chlorotic vineyards in Zhengzhou were investigated,and their soil pH value,EC value,soil organic matter,soil iron and available iron contents were determined.Aiming at the same vineyard,the differences in soil and leaf element contents,FCR enzyme activity and root iron contents between chlorosis and normal grapevines were analyzed to explore the causes of leaf chlorosis.Pot experiment was used to treat potted seedlings with NaHCO_(3) solution and NaOH solution,respectively.The chlorosis was observed,and the leaf iron content,FCR enzyme activity and root iron content of chlorotic plants were determined.The differences in above indexes between chlorotic and normal grapevines were analyzed and compared with the conclusions in field experiments.According to the conclusions of field and potted experiments,three correction schemes were designed to deal with etiolated plants.The causes of leaf chlorosis were verified and a feasible correction scheme was suggested by observing the situation of green restoration and the changes of nutrient elements in leaves.【Results】The results of chlorosis investigation of Shine Muscat showed that the content of available iron in most of the chlorosis vineyards was not low,and the degree of chlorosis was not significantly correlated with soil pH value,EC value,organic matter content,and total iron and available iron contents.In the field,the soils of chlorotic and normal grapevines were alkaline,and the nitrogen elements in the soil were mainly nitrate nitrogen.The contents of available nitrogen,phosphorus,iron,copper and zinc in soil of chlorosis grapevines were significantly lower than those of normal grapevines,while available potassium was signifi
作者
王绍祖
樊秀彩
张颖
孙磊
王冉
姜建福
刘崇怀
WANG Shaozu;FAN Xiucai;ZHANG Ying;SUN Lei;WANG Ran;JIANG Jianfu;LIU Chong-huai(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China;Henan Vocational College of Agriculture,Zhongmou 451450,Henan,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期1703-1716,共14页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
郑州市重大科技创新专项(ZGS202104)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-29-yc-1)。
关键词
阳光玫瑰葡萄
黄化原因
矫正
盆栽试验
Shine-Muscat grapes
Cause of chlorosis
Correct
Pot experiment
