摘要
为探索草酸不同添加方式对堆肥过程氨气减排和氮素保留效果,以鸡粪、玉米秸秆和尾菜为发酵原料,采用条垛式堆肥进行25 d的发酵试验。草酸添加方式为初始一次性添加(EA1)和堆肥过程多次喷淋添加(EA2),添加量为0.15 mol·kg^(-1)(堆体鲜重)。结果表明:添加草酸在堆肥初期抑制了温度上升,但是增加了50℃以上高温天数。各处理氨气挥发速率均呈现先升后降的变化趋势,CK(不添加草酸)、EA1、EA2氨气累积挥发量分别为173.93、87.29、64.38 g·d^(-1)·m^(-2),与CK相比,EA1和EA2处理氨气累积挥发量减少49.81%和62.99%。堆肥过程中各处理全氮含量均呈现逐渐上升的变化趋势,有机碳含量均呈现逐渐下降的变化趋势;添加草酸提高了堆肥结束后全氮和有机碳含量,EA1和EA2处理的全氮含量比CK分别提高了12.96%和18.22%;有机碳含量比CK分别提高了6.04%和11.28%。堆肥结束后各处理粪大肠菌群数和蛔虫卵死亡率均达到《有机肥料》(NY/T 525—2021)相关要求。从堆肥氨气减排效率、氮和有机碳保留效果综合分析,草酸多次喷淋添加优于初始一次性添加。本结论可为堆肥高效氨减排技术提供参考。
In order to explore the effects of ethanedioic acid supplementation on ammonia emission reduction and nitrogen retention in composting process,a 25-day fermentation experiment with strip composting was conducted,chicken manure,corn straw and vegetable waste were used as fermentation materials.Ethanedioic acid was added in the form of initial onetime addition(EA1)and multiple spraying additions(EA2)during the composting process,and the addition amount was 0.15 mol·kg^(-1)(fresh weight).The results showed that the addition of ethanedioic acid suppressed the temperature rise in the early stage of composting,but increased the number of days with high temperature above 50℃.The ammonia volatilization rate showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing in all treatments.The ammonia volatilization rate was 173.93,87.29 and 64.38 g·d^(-1)·m^(-2) in CK,EA1 and EA2 treatment,respectively.Compared with the CK treatment,EA1 and EA2 treatments reduced the cumulative ammonia volatilization by 49.81%and 62.99%,respectively.During the composting process,the total nitrogen content showed a gradually increasing trend,and the organic carbon content showed a gradually decreasing trend in all treatments.The addition of ethanedioic acid increased the content of total nitrogen and organic carbon at the end of composting.Compare to CK treatment,the total nitrogen was raised by 12.96%and 18.22%in EA1 and EA2 treatments,and organic carbon was raised by 6.04%and 11.28%,respectively.All treatments have met the relevant requirements of composting maturity,in the aspects of fecal coliform number,and ascaris egg mortality.Through the comprehensive analysis of ammonia emission reduction efficiency,nitrogen and organic carbon retention of composting,the multiple spraying addition of oxalic acid is better than the initial one-time addition.The experimental conclusion can provide a reference for the efficient technology of ammonia emission reduction in compost.
作者
薛文涛
张玲
孙昊
孙钦平
吴荣
田野
陈益山
邹国元
刘善江
XUE Wen-tao;ZHANG Ling;SUN Hao;SUN Qin-ping;WU Rong;TIAN Ye;CHEN Yi-shan;ZOU Guo-yuan;LIU Shan-jiang(The Institute of Plant Nutrition,Resources and Environment,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期54-59,共6页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所科技能力提升专项(YZS201908)
北京市农林科学院青年科研基金(QNJJ202305)
北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所团队促进项目(YZS202209,ZHS202305)。
关键词
草酸
堆肥
添加方式
氨挥发
ethanedioic acid
composting
adding method
ammonia volatilization
