摘要
选择冀中平原地区3类典型奶牛舍,对春季(无应激期)、夏季(热应激期)、冬季(冷应激期)各舍内外温热环境及其他环境质量状况评价指标进行检测,研究不同建筑结构奶牛舍环境质量状况,指导该地区奶牛舍设计改造和环境改善。结果表明,相同试验期内,各舍外环境温度、相对湿度和THI均无显著差异(P>0.05);舍2温度均为最高(P<0.05)。春季、夏季各舍相对湿度均无显著差异(P>0.05),冬季舍1最低(P<0.05)。春季各舍THI无显著差异(P>0.05),夏季舍2最高(P<0.05),冬季舍3最低(P<0.05)。春季、夏季各舍PM 2.5、PM 10含量差异均不显著(P>0.05),冬季舍2最高(P<0.05)。相同试验期内,舍2屋顶温度、地面温度、NH 3、CO 2、空气中细菌含量均显著高于其他舍(P<0.05);各舍风速、噪音强度、人工光照强度均无显著差异(P>0.05),自然光照强度为舍3>舍1>舍2(P<0.05)。冀中平原地区奶牛舍的设计、改造及管理应注意兼顾夏季的防暑降温、冬季防寒保暖和通风换气,改善牛舍内环境质量。
The purpose of this research was to study the environmental quality of cowsheds with different building structures in Central Hebei Plain and to guide the design and environmental improvement of cowsheds in this area.Three cowsheds with typical building types in Central Hebei Plain were selected to measure the thermal environment and other environmental quality evaluation indexes inside and outside the cowsheds in spring(no stress period),summer(heat stress period)and winter(cold stress period).The results showed that during the same tria period,there was no significant difference among ambient temperature,relative humidity and THI outside the cowsheds(P>0.05),and the temperature in cowshed 2 was the highest(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in relative humidity in each cowshed in spring and summer(P>0.05),but cowshed 1 had the lowest value in winter(P<0.05).There was no significant difference with THI in each cowshed in spring(P>0.05).THI of cowshed 2 was the highest in summer and THI of cowshed 3 was the lowest in winter(P<0.05).There was no significant difference with PM 2.5 and PM 10 contents in each cowshed in spring and summer(P>0.05),but cowshed 2 had the highest content in winter(P<0.05).During the same tria period,the roof and ground temperature,contents of NH 3,CO 2 and bacteria in air of cowshed 2 were significantly higher than those in other cowsheds(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference with wind speed,noise intensity and artificial light intensity among each cowshed(P>0.05),and the natural light intensity was cowshed 3>cowshed 1>cowshed 2(P<0.05).In terms of the design,improvement and management of cowsheds in Central Hebei Plain,much attention should be paid to heat prevention and cooling in summer,cold prevention and ventilation in winter,so as to improve the environmental quality of cowshed.
作者
周英昊
王亚男
冯曼
武震钢
毛森
于滨
许翊冉
郭建军
邱殿锐
YU Bin;XU Yiran;GUO Jianjun;QIU Dianrui(Chengde Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Chengde,Hebei 067000,China)
出处
《家畜生态学报》
北大核心
2023年第8期60-65,共6页
Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology
基金
河北省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(HBCT2018120202)
河北省奶业振兴重大技术创新专项(19226632D)。
关键词
冀中平原
奶牛舍
建筑结构
环境质量
设计改造
Central Hebei Plain
cowshed
building structures
environmental quality
design improvement
