摘要
从不同类基体材料的未涂层、涂层刀具2个方面,综述了CFRP切削加工用刀具的磨损部位及形式。现有研究均以宏、微观实验观测为主,宏观上,磨损位置以后刀面磨损及切削刃钝化最为常见;微观上表现为纤维硬质点与刀具间摩擦所致的磨粒磨损,随着切削温度、速度的提高,同时伴有粘着、氧化磨损。整体来说,金刚石类刀具耐磨性表现最佳,尤其适用于连续切削加工的场合。高强、高硬纤维高频刮擦作用下的磨粒、疲劳磨损仍是该类刀具磨损的主要威胁。当前所采用的辅助工艺(冷却气体、微量润滑、超声振动等)、涂层材料改性、微结构等方法,在一定程度上改善了摩擦条件,抑制了刀具磨损,但仍难以满足CFRP连续高质高效加工需求。可见,如何从微纳观多尺度方向深入研究金刚石类刀具的磨损机理及抑制策略,是CFRP高质高效加工的亟需。
In this work,a comprehensive literature review on wear positions and forms of the uncoated tool(including cemented carbide tool,polycrystalline diamond tool and tool of other materials)and the coated tool(including diamond coated tool,diamond-like carbon coated tool and coated tool of other materials)is provided.The wear suppression method(including assisted technology,coating modification and Microstructure)is also summarized.Current studies are mainly based on macro experiments,and there are few at the microscale.Flank face and cutting edge are the main wear positions at the macroscale.Abrasive wear caused by the friction between hard fibers and tools is the main wear form at the microscale.Moreover,the adhesive and oxidative wear occurs at the high cutting temperature and speed level.For milling and drilling,diamond tools(polycrystalline diamond and diamond coating)exhibit the best wear resistance,especially suitable for continuous cutting operations,which becomes the first choice for the high machining quality and productivity of CFRP.However,the main threat of these tools is the fatigue wear(such as coating cracks,peeling and chipping)and abrasive wear due to the high-frequency ploughing action of the high-strength and high-hardness fibers.At the same time,various suppression methods are taken to reduce the tool wear.Under the current wear suppression methods,the average reduction in tool wear is about 50%,while the continuous cutting length is less than 15 m and the flank wear width is about 400μm at this time.The relevant studies have shown that when the flank wear width is more than 300μm,the long burrs will occur on the surface of workpiece,which seriously affects the machining quality.Thus,it is still difficult to meet the high quality and efficiency machining of large CFRP structural parts at present.Meanwhile,it can be seen that based on macro and micro experiments,the study of tool wear mechanism and wear suppression method can not meet the requirement for improving the performance of tools.In addi
作者
宿友亮
孟志坚
郜雪楠
胡建
王明
SU You-liang;MENG Zhi-jian;GAO Xue-nan;HU Jian;WANG Ming(School of Mechanical Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)
出处
《表面技术》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期27-48,共22页
Surface Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金(5226050264,51865048)
宁夏自然科学基金(2022AAC05004)
机械系统与振动国家重点实验室开放基金(MSV202212)。
