摘要
[目的]探究四川坝区秋季生态条件对马铃薯原原种生产的影响,提高秋季原原种生产的质量和效益。[方法]以自育品系M16-37-12和M16-14-8的试管苗为材料,研究不同种植密度对原原种结薯和薯块质量的影响。[结果]随种植密度的增加,马铃薯总粒数和单薯重大于2 g的粒数增加,而有效薯率、单株结薯数、单株有效薯粒数显著下降。2个品系单个薯块重量均与干率和淀粉含量呈正相关。单薯重14~16 g薯块发芽的芽长、直径和芽数比单薯重1~2 g的种薯高2~3倍,发芽后35 d前者薯块无萎蔫,后者水分和营养损耗大萎蔫明显。种植密度为150苗/m^(2)利润最高,M16-37-12有效薯341粒/m^(2),利润为73元/m^(2);M16-14-8有效薯378粒/m^(2),利润81元/m^(2)。[结论]通过试管苗种植密度来调节原原种的大小和数量,达到发芽质量与效益的平衡,为秋季坝区马铃薯原原种繁育提供理论依据。
[Objective]To explore the influence of autumn ecological conditions on the production of potato pre-basic seed in plain areas of Sichuan,and to improve the quality and benefit of pre-basic seed production in autumn.[Method]Using the test-tube seedlings of cultivated lines M16-37-12 and M16-14-8 as materials,the effects of different planting densities on the tuberization and the tuber quality of the pre-basic seed were studied.[Result]With the increase of planting density,the total number of tuber and the number of>2 g per tuber increased,while the effective potato rate,the number of tubers per plant and the number of effective potatoes per plant decreased significantly.The weight per tuber of the two lines was positively correlated with the dry content and starch content.The bud length,diameter and number of pre-basic seed with 14-16 g per tuber were 2-3 times higher than those of seed with 1-2 g per tuber,and the former level tuber had no wilting,while the latter level tuber had obvious wilting with water and nutrient loss after 35 days sprouting.The planting density was 150 plants/m^(2),and the profit was the highest.The number of effective seed in the M16-37-12 was 341 grains/m^(2),and the profit was 73 yuan/m^(2);the number of effective seed in the M16-14-8 was 378 grains/m^(2),and the profit was 81 yuan/m^(2).[Conclusion]The size and quantity of the pre-basic seed could be adjusted by the planting density of test-tube seedlings,so as to achieve a balance between sprouting-quality and benefit,and provided a theoretical basis for the production of the pre-basic seed in autumn plain area.
作者
饶莉萍
邹雪
丁凡
刘丽芳
陈年伟
余韩开宗
杨敬天
RAO Li-ping;ZOU Xue;DING Fan(Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Crop Characteristic Resources Creation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Mianyang,Sichuan 621023)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2023年第15期34-38,43,共6页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
四川省科技厅育种攻关项目(2021YFYZ0019),四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2021YFN0113)
国家现代农业产业技术体系四川薯类创新团队项目(sccxtd-2022-09)。
关键词
马铃薯
试管苗
种植密度
原原种
秋季
Potato
Test-tube seedling
Planting density
Pre-basic seed
Autumn
