摘要
采用T-FACE(Temperature-free air carbon dioxide enrichment)试验平台,设置田间常规温度和CO_(2)浓度(CK)、田间常规温度和增加CO_(2)浓度至575μmol·L^(-1)(C)、升高温度(高于大气温度2℃)和田间常规CO_(2)浓度(T)以及升高温度(高于大气温度2℃)和增加CO_(2)浓度至575μmol·L^(-1)(CT)共4个处理,对田间冬小麦进行控制实验。在小麦播种期、越冬期、分蘖期和成熟期分别采集不同层次的土壤样品(耕作层0-14cm、犁底层14-33cm、潴育层33-59cm和潜育层59-80cm),分析大气CO_(2)浓度增加和温度升高后农田土壤N、P含量及其有效性的动态变化,以揭示气候变化对农田土壤中养分含量的时空影响。结果表明:(1)冬小麦在越冬期CO_(2)浓度增加的情况下,常规或升高温度可使潴育层土壤中硝态氮含量出现下降趋势,在越冬期除T处理外,CK、C和CT处理的硝态氮含量在播种期低于耕作层。在越冬期的各处理中,硝态氮含量以CK处理增加最为明显。(2)在增加CO_(2)浓度和升高温度的情况下,耕作层土壤中铵态氮含量在越冬期和分蘖期显著低于田间正常的CO_(2)浓度和温度处理,且在不同土壤层次中未表现出明显的上升或下降的现象;铵态氮含量在小麦整个生长期相对稳定,但CT、C和T三种不同处理条件下,小麦成熟期铵态氮含量明显增加,且温度升高处理下的增加趋势显著(P<0.05);在小麦整个生育期内,C处理下铵态氮表现出先上升后下降的趋势,而CK、CT和T处理则表现出上升—下降—上升的趋势。(3)小麦全生育期内CK处理的速效磷含量明显高于其它处理,且在播种期、越冬期和分蘖期,CK处理与CT和T处理速效磷含量差异显著(P<0.05)。未来气候变化引起的CO_(2)浓度增加和温度升高情况下,应合理施用N、P肥,减少不必要的养分流失。
T-FACE(temperature-free air carbon dioxide enrichment)experimental platform was adopted.Four field treatments of winter wheat were set:field conventional temperature and CO_(2)concentration(CK),field conventional temperature and increase CO_(2)concentration to 575μmol·L^(−1)(C),field increase temperature(i.e.,2℃above atmospheric temperature)and field conventional CO_(2)concentration(T),and field increase temperature(i.e.,2℃above atmospheric temperature)and increase CO_(2)concentration to 575μmol·L−1(CT).Soil samples were collected at different soil layers(plough layer 0−14cm,plough bottom 14−33cm,pond layer 33−59cm and glebe layer 59−80cm)at sowing stage,overwintering stage,tillering stage and maturity stage of winter wheat,respectively,to analyze the effects of increasing atmospheric CO_(2)concentration and temperature on N and P content and availability in the soil.The results were as follows:(1)under the condition that CO_(2)concentration increased in the overwintering stage of winter wheat,the nitrate nitrogen content in pond layer of soil showed a tendency to decrease by increasing temperature.In the overwintering stage of winter wheat,except for T treatment,the nitrate nitrogen content of CK,C and CT treatment was lower than that of tilling layer during sowing stage.In the overwintering stage of winter wheat,the nitrate nitrogen content increased most obviously in CK treatment.(2)Under the condition of increasing CO_(2)concentration and temperature,the content of ammonium nitrogen in the soil at tillering stage and overwintering stage of winter wheat was significantly lower than that under normal CO_(2)concentration and temperature treatment.There was no obvious upward or downward trend in different soil layers.The content of ammonium nitrogen was relatively stable during the whole growing stage of winter wheat.However,under CT,C and T treatments,the content of ammonium nitrogen increased significantly at maturity stage of winter wheat,and the increasing trend of nitrate nitrogen was mor
作者
苑嘉承
陈粲
虞凯浩
YUAN Jia-cheng;CHEN Can;YU Kai-hao(Binjiang College,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Wuxi 214105,China;College of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095)
出处
《中国农业气象》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期675-684,共10页
Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42107478)。
关键词
气候变化
温度升高
CO_(2)浓度升高
冬小麦生育期
土壤N、P含量
Climate change
Increase temperature
Increase CO_(2)concentration
Winter wheat growth period
N and P contents in the soil
