摘要
中国农业科学技术在世界上的地位经历了从中心渐趋落后于西方强国,再在新的历史环境下不断努力赶超的过程。在前现代化时期,中国农业在种质资源与文化类型方面具有优势,是农学知识与农业技术的溢出中心;在晚清民国时期,中国农业科技在沉沦中有奋起,学习中有创新,农学学科体系得到丰富,现代意义上的农学群体形成并涌现重要成果,初步打下了现代农业科学技术发展的根基;中华人民共和国成立后,在用“中国碗”盛“中国粮”及农业结构整体优化过程中,遗传育种、中低产田改良以及畜牧、水产、园艺、生态等整体技术水平的上升,为之做出了重要贡献。当前,应在发展中继承好中国农业科技各个历史时期的丰富遗产,优化农业科学技术整体理念和内部结构,助力农业强国建设。
The position of China's agricultural science and technology in the world has gone through a process of gradually falling behind Western powers from the center,and then continuously striving to catch up in the new historical environment.During the pre-modernization period,Chinese agriculture had advantages in germplasm resources and cultural types,serving as a spillover center for agricultural knowledge and technology;During the late Qing and Republic of China periods,agricultural technology in China rose from decline,innovated in learning,and enriched the disciplinary system of agriculture.Modern agricultural groups formed and produced important achievements,laying the foundation for the development of modern agricultural science and technology;After the establishment of the People's Republic of China,in the process of using the"Chinese bowl"to contain"Chinese grain"and optimizing the overall agricultural structure,genetic breeding,improvement of medium and low yield fields,as well as the overall technological level of livestock,aquaculture,horticulture,ecology,etc.,have made important contributions to it.At present,we should inherit the rich heritage of China's agricultural technology from various historical periods in development,optimize the overall concept and internal structure of agricultural science and technology,and assist in the construction of an agricultural power.
作者
刘旗宇
尹北直
Liu Qiyu;Yin Beizhi(School of Marxism,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083)
出处
《古今农业》
2023年第2期94-101,82,共9页
Ancient and Modern Agriculture
基金
2021年度高校思想政治理论课教师研究专项一般项目“中华农耕文化融入涉农高校思政课研究”(21JDSZK063)。
关键词
中国农业
科学技术
世界历史
Chinese agriculture
Science and technology
World History
