摘要
目的 分析中国水痘突发公共卫生事件(Public health emergency event, PHEE)发生特征。方法 通过中国PHEE信息管理系统收集2007-2021年报告水痘PHEE,描述性分析流行病学特征。结果 2007-2021年中国共报告水痘PHEE 10 446起,每年报告261起(2012年)-1 327起(2018年)。每起PHEE水痘病例数、罹患率、持续时间、响应时间中位数(四分位数间距)分别为23(16-35)例、3.30(1.49-7.27)%、24(14-43)d、10(6-19)d。在所有水痘PHEE中,1-3月、4-6月、7-9月、10-12月分别占10.50%、35.71%、3.73%、50.06%,托幼机构、小学、初中、高中、高校、其他学校、其他场所分别占12.44%、72.56%、7.07%、3.35%、0.68%、3.63%、0.26%。在2020-2021年报告水痘PHEE中,水痘疫苗未纳入免疫规划、纳入≤2年、纳入>2年的地区每起PHEE水痘罹患率中位数分别为2.71%、2.01%、1.52%。结论 中国水痘PHEE呈上升趋势和明显季节性,主要发生在中小学和托幼机构。需重点加强学校水痘监测,及时处置疫情,加强水痘疫苗接种。
Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of varicella public health emergency events(PHEEs)in China.MethodsWe obtained varicella PHEE reports during 2007-2021 from the China PHEE Information Management System and conducted a descriptive epidemiological analysis.ResultsA total of 10446 varicella PHEEs were reported in China from 2007 to 2021;numbers of annual reported PHEEs ranged from 261 in 2020 to 1327 in 2018.Median(inter-quartile range,IQR)varicella PHEE case counts,attack rates,durations,and response times were 23(16-35)days,3.30%(1.49%-7.27%),24(14-43)days,and 10(6-19)days,respectively.Among all PHEEs,10.50%,35.71%,3.73%,and 50.06%occurred from January to March,April to June,July to September,and October to December;12.44%,72.56%,7.07%,3.35%,0.68%,3.63%,and 0.26%occurred in kindergartens,primary schools,middle schools,high schools,colleges,other schools,and other places.Of the PHEEs reported in 2020-2021,median attack rates were 2.71%,2.01%,and 1.52%in areas where varicella vaccine had not been included in the local Expanded Program on Immunization,had been included for≤2 years,and had been included for>2 years.ConclusionsVaricella PHEEs in China showed an increasing trend with seasonality and occurred mainly in primary/middle schools and kindergartens.It is necessary to strengthen school varicella surveillance and rapid response to PHEEs and to improve varicella vaccination coverage.
作者
王淼
曾祥
张一平
李军宏
宋渝丹
王亚敏
刘燕敏
黄勇
尹遵栋
马超
Wang Miao;Zeng Xiang;Zhang Yiping;Li Junhong;Song Yudan;Wang Yamin;Liu Yanmin;Huang Yong;Yin Zundong;Ma Chao(National Immunization Program,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhuhai 519000,Guangdong,China;Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou 510000,Guangdong,China)
出处
《中国疫苗和免疫》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期274-279,共6页
Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization
关键词
水痘
突发公共卫生事件
流行病学特征
Varicella
Public health emergency event
Epidemiological characteristics
