摘要
【目的】探究肉豆蔻和罗勒复方精油对黄羽肉鸡生产性能和肠道菌群的影响,为该复方精油作为饲料添加剂在肉鸡生产中应用提供参考。【方法】试验选用1日龄雌性江村黄鸡3942只,随机分为3个处理组(复方精油低剂量组、复方精油高剂量组和空白对照组)。试验期为60 d,在肉鸡60日龄时称重,统计存活个体数、死淘数以及饲料消耗等生产数据,计算肉鸡的合格品出栏率、增重和料肉比;各组随机抽取5只鸡,断颈处死,分别取空肠和盲肠内容物,提取细菌核酸,进行16S rDNA V_(3)~V_(4)可变区高通量测序,分析肉鸡空肠和盲肠的肠道菌群。【结果】肉豆蔻和罗勒复方精油高剂量组和低剂量组的料肉比均为2.40,极显著低于空白对照组的2.71(P<0.01),饲料转化率均提高11.4%。空肠菌群分析结果表明,门水平上的优势菌为厚壁菌门,其次是放线菌门;属水平上的优势菌为乳酸菌属;复方精油高剂量组与低剂量组空肠的疣微菌门相对丰度均显著低于空白对照组(P<0.05),复方精油低剂量组空肠假单胞菌属、双歧杆菌属、韦荣氏球菌属的相对丰度均显著高于空白对照组(P<0.05)。盲肠菌群分析结果表明,门水平上的优势菌为厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门;复方精油高、低剂量组的Clostridia_vadinBB60_group属和另枝菌属相对丰度均显著低于空白对照组(P<0.05),复方精油高剂量组Clostridia_UCG-014属的相对丰度显著低于空白对照组(P<0.05)。复方精油高剂量组拟杆菌属相对丰度显著高于空白对照组和复方精油低剂量组(P<0.05),复方精油低剂量组瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus_torques_group)相对丰度显著高于空白对照组(P<0.05)。【结论】饲喂肉豆蔻和罗勒复方精油能够促进黄羽肉鸡空肠和盲肠的有益菌生长,抑制有害菌增殖,维持菌群平衡,利于肠道健康,明显提高黄羽肉鸡的生产性能。
【Objective】The trial explores the effect of compound plant essential oil from the nutmeg and basill on the performance and intestinal microflora of yellow-feathered broilers.【Method】39421-day-old Jiangcun yellow broilers were divided into three treatments groups(low-dose compound essential oil group,high-dose compound essential oil group and blank control group).The experiment lasted for 60 days.At the age of 60 days,all broilers were weighed,and the number of survival chickens,the number of dead and unqualified chickens,feed consumption of each replicates were recorded,and the percentage of survival chickens,weight gain and feed-gain ratio were calculated.At the same time,5 chickens were randomly selected from each group and killed with neck cut.The contents of jejunum and cecum were respectively extracted,and bacterial nucleic acid was extracted,the 16S rDNA V3-V4 variable region was high-throughput sequencing to analyze the intestinal microflora of jejunum and cecum of broilers.【Result】The feed-gain ratio of the high dose group and the low dose group was 2.40,which was significantly lower than that of the blank control group(2.71,P<0.01),and the feed conversion rate was increased by 11.4%.The results of jejunum microflora analysis showed that Firmicutes were the dominant bacteria at phylum level followed by Actinobacteriota,and Lactobacillus was the dominant bacteria at genus level.The relative abundance of Verrucomicrobiota in jejunum in high-dose and low-dose groups was significantly lower than that in blank control group(P<0.05).The relative abundance of Aeriscardovia,Bifidobacterium and Weissella in jejunum of compound essential oil low-dose group was significantly higher than that of blank control group(P<0.05).The results of cecal microflora analysis showed that Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were dominant bacteria at phylum level.The relative abundance of Clostridia-vadinBB60-group and Alistipes in high-dose and low-dose compound essential oil groups was significantly lower than that in blank
作者
何佳楠
何叔年
康桦华
符德佳
樊志红
曾宪军
陈杰
彭新宇
HE Jianan;HE Shunian;KANG Huahua;FU Dejia;FAN Zhihong;ZENG Xianjun;CHEN Jie;PENG Xinyu(School of Animal Science and Technology,Zhongkai College of Agricultural Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,China;Institute of Animal Health,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Animal and Poultry Diseases/Guangdong Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chinese Veterinary Drugs,Guangzhou 510640,China;Guangzhou Kwangfeng Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510510,China;Guangzhou Kwangfeng Wengyuan Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Wengyuan 512600,China)
出处
《广东农业科学》
CAS
2023年第6期116-125,共10页
Guangdong Agricultural Sciences
基金
广东省农业科学院科技创新战略专项(高水平农科院建设)(R2020PY-JC001)
广东省农业科学院驻镇帮扶村农村科技特派员项目(KTP20210010)
广东省企业科技特派员项目(GDKTP2020026600)
广东省现代农业产业园项目(GDSCYY2021-021)。
关键词
黄鸡肉鸡
复方植物精油
料肉比
肠道菌群多样性
高通量测序
yellow-feathered broiler
compound plant essential oil
feed-gain ratio
diversity of intestinal microbiota
high-throughput sequencing
