摘要
【目的】剩余空间是城市存量更新中具有特殊潜力的公共空间,具有数量多、分布泛、规模小、现状杂、效益低等特征,针对其复杂特征,多采用微更新模式进行优化。在实践中普遍面临空间物质性和社会性的耦合问题,从社会设计视角分析城市剩余空间问题本质,反思设计目的、主体、产物和过程的社会性,可提升微更新的理论认知和实践效果。【方法/过程】结合国内外理论研究和实践案例从认识论和方法论上同时展开思考:在认识论层面,剩余空间微更新需要设计者思考“为谁而设计”“与谁一起设计”和“由谁来设计”,理解在此过程中的价值导向、实践模式和自身角色;在方法论层面,剩余空间微更新需要设计者兼顾具体做法和整体策略,最终探索得出剩余空间微更新从空间设计迈向社会设计的路径。【结果/结论】城市剩余空间问题本质是社会网络不协作,需要依赖社会创新力量有针对性地进行社会网络修复。从认识论来说,设计者要围绕为公共利益而设计的价值导向,推动完善与多元参与主体一起设计的实践模式并把握自身作为辅助设计执行者的媒介角色。从方法论来说,剩余空间微更新需要在视野聚焦、方向把握、平台搭建和制度保障方面积极行动:1)关注真实与具体的日常生活;2)以“接近性”为空间设计的标尺;3)多元参与平衡空间利益;4)空间设计同步社会机制创新。
[Objective] China has entered a phase of rapid and extensive urban stock renewal. While the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People' s Republic of China and other government departments propose that urban renewal should avoid large-scale demolition and construction in response to current progress, and they also propose that the scale and quality of urban public space should be actively increased, reflecting the ongoing pursuit of urban livability. However, the practice of increasing the scale of public space has revealed that there are fewer spatial resources available in built-up areas of cities, particularly in central areas, and new types of public spaces need to be actively developed. Among these, the leftover spaces are considered to be public spaces with special potential. While they have the advantages of being numerous, widely distributed and more closely linked to settlements, they are also often small in scale, mixed in status and low in effectiveness. In response to such complex characteristics, micro-renewal models are mostly used for optimization around the world. In practice, it has been found that due to the inadequacy of the planning system, the micro-renewal of leftover spaces still generally face the problem of coupling the physical and social aspects of space, especially the social benefit dimension. This is mainly due to the fact that there is still a lack of knowledge about the ontological characteristics of leftover spaces and the renewal thereof, which makes it difficult to balance multiple objectives at the practical level. This research analyzes the nature of the problem of urban leftover space from the perspective of social design, arguing that its social reflection on the purpose, subject, product and process of design can enhance the theoretical understanding and practical effect of the microrenewal of leftover spaces. The concept of social design originated from Moholy Nagy's initiative to establish a “parliament of social design” under the Bauhaus system in
作者
李佳敏
杨震
LI Jiamin;YANG Zhen(the Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning,Chongqing University;the Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area,the Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning,Chongqing University)
出处
《风景园林》
2023年第8期44-50,共7页
Landscape Architecture
基金
国家自然科学基金“山地生态敏感地区社区活力与生态肌理适应性耦合研究”(编号51778076)
国家自然科学基金“保障房社区非正规就业的空间失配测度、空间影响要素与规划干预研究”(编号51978090)。
