摘要
为研究近身攻击情景下行人疏散过程,基于恐慌情绪吸收模型、开放性责任心外向性利他性神经质(Openness-Conscientiousness-Extroversion-Agreeableness-Neuroticism,OCEAN)模型设计该情景下的行人恐慌情绪模型,通过改进传统的社会力模型体现恐慌情绪对行人行为的影响。经仿真验证,基于动态恐慌情绪驱动的行人应急疏散模型———行人恐慌情绪(Personnel Panic Emotion,PPE)动态行为(Dynamic Behavior,DB)模型能有效体现该情景下行人疏散特征。设计两组对比试验,研究恐慌情绪、防御人员对疏散过程的影响。结果表明:1)考虑恐慌情绪下,疏散时间缩短42 s,被袭击人数减少5人,拥堵点由5处减少为3处,但行人疏散前期出现短时混乱,后期拥堵点的面积、人流密度更大;2)在疏散前期恐慌情绪传播主要受恐怖分子位置影响,全部行人开始疏散后,因拐角和出口处拥堵,恐怖情绪迅速大范围传播;3)防御人员能有效抑制恐慌传播,减轻恐慌情绪对疏散行为的负面影响,进一步提高疏散效率。该研究为此类情景的人员疏散提供了理论依据和数据支撑,对该情景下的人员疏散模型构建具有指导意义。
To study the evacuation process under the melee attack scenario,a panic emotion model was designed based on the panic emotion absorption model and Openness-Conscientiousness-Extroversion-Agreeableness-Neuroticism(OCEAN)model.The influence of panic emotion on pedestrian behavior was reflected by improving the traditional social force model.The simulation results show that the Personnel Panic Emotion(PPE)Dynamic Behavior(DB)model based on dynamic panic emotion can effectively reflect the evacuation characteristics in this scenario.Two groups of comparative experiments were designed to study the effects of panic emotion and defense personnel on the evacuation process.The results show that:(1)Panic has advantages and disadvantages for evacuation,but the advantages overall outweigh the disadvantages.Considering panic emotion,the evacuation time is reduced by 42 s,and the number of people attacked is reduced by 5.The congestion point is reduced from 5 to 3.However,the area and flow density of the congestion point are larger,and in the early stage of pedestrian evacuation,there is a short period of confusion in area X.In the later stage,the area of the congestion point is larger,and the flow density is greater.(2)When the terrorists just appeared,the spread of panic is mainly affected by the location of the terrorists.After the evacuation of all pedestrians,the panic spread rapidly and widely due to congestion at the corner and exit.(3)The defense personnel can effectively suppress the spread of panic,mitigate the negative impact of panic on evacuation behavior and further improve evacuation efficiency.This study provides a theoretical basis and data support for evacuation and has guiding significance for the construction of the evacuation model in this scenario.
作者
程明
韩晓莲
CHENG Ming;HAN Xiao-lian(School of Safety Science and Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期1626-1635,共10页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
民航安全能力项目(ASSA2020/12)
中央高校基本科研业务费项目(3122018F003)
中国民航大学研究生科研创新项目(2021YJS013)。
关键词
公共安全
应急疏散
近身攻击
社会力模型
恐慌
仿真模拟
public safety
emergency evacuation
melee attack
social force model
panic
simulation
