摘要
通过文献研究、村社调查和集市调查,对甘肃天祝藏族自治县的资源植物进行了调查研究,并就当地藏族民众对资源植物的利用情况进行了深入了解。结果显示:天祝藏族自治县资源植物有40科86属101种(含亚种和变种,下同),这些植物的功能涵盖了食用、药用、饲用和文化经济4个方面。食用植物有15科23属31种,可作为蔬菜、调料、水果食用,部分种类用于食疗;食用部位以果实、叶和茎为主。药用植物有27科49属55种,常见功效有清热解毒、凉血止血、杀虫消疳、涩肠止泻、祛风燥湿等,药用部位以地上部分为主。饲用植物有23科45属55种,其中,禾本科(Poaceae)种类最多(16种),饲用部位为茎、叶和地上部分。文化经济植物有13科15属15种,其中,用于祭祀、煨桑的植物有8种,这与当地藏族的民族传统与宗教信仰息息相关。综合结果表明:天祝藏族自治县民族植物资源丰富、利用方法多样,多种具有药食两用功能或代表藏族文化的特色植物亟待开发。另外,随着社会经济的发展,藏族传统民族植物学知识正在逐渐消失,因此,需将当地藏民纳入资源植物研究队伍中,当地政府还应加强政策扶持、人才培养和知识保护。
Resource plants in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County of Gansu Province were investigated and studied via literature research,village community survey,and market survey,and the utilization situation of resource plants of local Tibetan people was deeply understood.The results show that there are 101 species(including subspecies and varieties,the same below)of resource plants belonging to 86 genera of 40 families in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County,and the functions of these plants cover four aspects namely edible,medicinal,feed,and cultural and economic functions.There are 31 species of edible plants belonging to 23 genera of 15 families,which are edible as vegetables,condiments,and fruits,and some species can be used in food therapy;the edible parts are mainly fruits,leaves,and stems.There are 55 species of medicinal plants belonging to 49 genera of 27 families,the common efficacies are clearing heat-toxin,cooling blood for hemostasis,destroying parasites for curing malnutrition,relieving diarrhea with astringents,dispelling pathogenic wind and removing dampness,etc.,and the medicinal part is mainly above-ground part.There are 55 species of feed plants belonging to 45 genera of 23 families,in which,Poaceae species are the most(16 species),and the feeding parts are stem,leaf,and above-ground part.There are 15 species of cultural and economic plants belonging to 15 genera of 13 families,among them,8 species are used for sacrifice and simmering mulberry,which are closely related with ethnic tradition and religious belief of local Tibetan.The comprehensive results show that ethnic plant resources in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County are rich with various utilization methods,and multiple characteristic plants which possess medicinal and edible function or can represent Tibetan culture need to be urgently developed.In addition,with the development of social economy,traditional ethnobotanical knowledge of the Tibetan nationality is gradually disappearing,therefore,local Tibetan people should be incorporated into resourc
作者
陈绮绮
甘梓澳
杨焠焱
朱沩可
王子琰
肖昱承
冯虎元
CHEN Qiqi;GAN Zi'ao;YANG Cuiyan;ZHU Weike;WANG Ziyan;XIAO Yucheng;FENG Huyuan(School of Life Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Cuiying Honors College,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Ecology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)
出处
《植物资源与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期82-91,共10页
Journal of Plant Resources and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31971445)
第二次青藏高原科学考察项目(2019QZKK030)。
关键词
民族植物学
天祝藏族自治县
资源植物
生物多样性
植物利用
ethnobotany
Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County
resource plant
biodiversity
plant utilization
