摘要
受域外对竞争中性这一术语表达方式的影响,国内学界对竞争中性规制主体的认识整体上较为笼统模糊,与扭曲竞争的本土因素环境存在脱节。中国实施竞争中性的背景、动因和策略独具特色,学理意义上的“政府”在中国有多样化的具体存在方式和权力运行方式,各类公共权力和公共职能担当者、公共资源支配者的行为均有可能导致竞争中性偏离。重述和界定竞争中性及其规制的内涵,凸显党对竞争中性规制工作的领导,秉持多层级、复合性的规制关系主体构造观,是在中国深入开展竞争中性规制的逻辑起点和立法支点。新《反垄断法》的增补条款为构造上述主体关系提供了方向指引,但对竞争中性被规制主体的范围界定存在漏洞,应予以弥补。
Considering the existing theoretical views and recent development trends of competitive neutrality,“competitive neutrality”in the narrow sense should refer to a public policy environment in which the market position of competitors is determined by commercial conditions and is not affected by differential treatment by public power organizations or public functional organizations.In the above definition,“market position”refers to the difference in the ability of competitors to acquire,use and exchange market resources.“Commercial conditions”refer to the efficiency of competitors'use of market resources,as well as the behavioral logic of market activity entities seeking to maximize transaction surplus.Obstruction of competitive neutrality without justifiable reasons,that is,the existence of a“distortion”of competition or competitive neutrality,and the abandonment of competitive neutrality based on justifiable reasons,can be called a“exemption”of competitive neutrality.In a broad sense,value judgments,regulatory principles,policy orientations,institutional arrangements,and order states related to the maintenance or deviation of competitive neutrality are all areas of concern for competitive neutrality.Organizations that enjoy public power and undertake public functions take the leading,guaranteeing,regulating and adjusting behaviors for the implementation of competitive neutrality,namely,“competitive neutraity regulation”.The subjects to the competitive neutrality regulation in China should be divided into“regulatory subjects”and“regulated subjects”.Among them,regulatory subjects include political leadership organs,organs of state power and other organizations with public power;regulated subjects include institutions with administrative power,as well as other organizations that are not administrative organs but actually undertake public functions;administrative organs and other organizations with public power are both regulatory subjects and regulated subjects.The scope of subjects sub
作者
李俊峰
张颖
Li Junfeng;Zhang Ying(School of Law,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;School of Marxism,Shanghai Urban Construction Vocational College,Shanghai 201415,China)
出处
《上海财经大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
北大核心
2023年第3期78-91,共14页
Journal of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“竞争中性的中国规制体系研究”(19BFX162)。
关键词
竞争中性
规制
主体
反垄断法
修订
competitive neutrality
regulation
subject
anti-monopoly law
revision
