摘要
宏基因组下一代基因测序(mNGS)能够无偏倚分析患者样本中全部微生物和宿主基因含量,被越来越多地用于诊断罕见、复杂和严重感染性疾病。此外,mNGS在病原体亚型分类、耐药性、毒力分析以及病原体与宿主发育相关性等方面也有广阔的应用前景。因感染人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)所致患者因免疫缺陷诱发的眼部机会性感染会严重破坏眼部组织结构和功能,是危及视力,导致患者失明的重要原因。HIV眼病的致病微生物包含细菌、病毒、真菌、螺旋体或寄生虫等。HIV患者机会性感染临床症状和体征多变,甚至存在混合感染,难以鉴别,而传统病原学检测由于眼球体积小、眼内液细胞含量少而取样困难,且特异性差,故应用受限。mNGS相比传统检测方法,可以小样本、快速、准确识别眼内感染的全部病原体并对病原体毒力、耐药性等做出分析。笔者将按病原体分类介绍mNGS在对并发眼内机会性感染的HIV患者进行无偏倚微生物检测分析中的应用。
Metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS),which enables unbiased analysis of the total microbial and host genes in patients,is increasingly applied to diagnose rare,complex,and severe infections.Moreover,mNGS has broad application prospects in pathogen subtype classification,drug resistance,virulence analysis.Ocular opportunistic infection by immunodeficiency in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)patients can severely damage the structure and function of eye tissues which is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness in these patients.The pathogenic microorganisms include bacteria,viruses,fungi,spirochetes,and parasites.The ocular opportunistic infections in HIV patients are challenging to diagnose because of the variable clinical symptoms and even mixed infections,meanwhile traditional pathogen detection methods are restricted to apply due to the limited volume of the eyeball and low cell count of intraocular fluids for sampling,and poor specificity.Compared to traditional detections,metagenomic next-generation sequencing can accurately identify all pathogens causing eye infections in HIV patients with small samples and provide analysis of pathogen virulence and drug resistance.This review will categorize the application of mNGS technology in unbiased microbial detection and analysis of concurrent opportunistic eye infections in HIV patients.
作者
王罗梓怡
姜靖
王志良
Luoziyi Wang;Jing Jiang;Zhiliang Wang(Department of Ophthalmology,Huashan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai 200040,China)
出处
《中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2023年第7期555-559,共5页
Chinese Journal Of Optometry Ophthalmology And Visual Science
关键词
人类免疫缺陷病毒
眼部并发症
机会性感染
深度测序
human immunodeficiency virus
ocular complications
opportunistic infection
next-generation gene sequencing
