摘要
目前对高寒、高海拔、高瓦斯隧道有不少研究,但同时又含高硫化氢的隧道(“四高”隧道)的相关研究少见报道。为此,结合国内首座高寒、高海拔、高瓦斯、高硫化氢的国道569曼德拉至大通公路祁连山2#隧道工程,对其爆破开挖技术进行了研究,确保了施工安全,并获专利3项。工程实践表明:采用气体探测及预排放技术提前将岩内气体进行了预排;选用煤矿许用爆破器材及合理的爆破设计降低爆破施工风险;采用石灰水袋+固体炮泥封堵措施,降低爆破瞬间的H2S气体浓度,提高炸药爆破效率减少炸药使用量;针对高寒、高海拔爆破问题,采用炸药保温、护孔等措施提高爆破效果;引入信息化手段实时监测气体浓度、进行人员安检定位等措施管控隧道施工风险;以上技术与创新可为类似隧道爆破开挖施工提供借鉴意义。
At present,there are a lot of studies on high cold,high altitude and high gas tunnels,but the tunnel containing high hydrogen sulfide(“four high”tunnels)is rarely reported.Therefore,combined with the Qilian Mountain No.2 tunnel project on the first national highway 569 Mandela to Datong Road in China with high cold,high altitude,high gas and high hydrogen sulfide,the blasting excavation technology was studied to ensure the construction safety,and 3 patents were obtained.The engineering practice shows that the gas in rock is pre-drained in advance by gas detection and pre-emission technology.By using permitted blasting equipment and reasonable blasting design,the risk of blasting construction is reduced.The measures of lime water bag adding solid mortar sealing are adopted to reduce H_2S gas concentration at blasting moment,improve explosive blasting efficiency and reduce explosive usage.Aiming at the problem of high cold and high altitude blasting,measures such as explosive insulation and hole protection are adopted to improve the blasting effect.The information means real-time monitoring gas concentration,personnel security positioning and other measures are introduced to control tunnel construction risks.The above technology and innovation can provide reference for similar tunnel blasting excavation construction.
作者
刘万生
LIU Wansheng(China Railway 16th Bureau Group First Engineering Co.Ltd.,Beijing 101300,China)
出处
《铁道建筑技术》
2023年第7期150-153,194,共5页
Railway Construction Technology
基金
中国铁建股份有限公司科技研发计划项目(2019-C36)。
关键词
高瓦斯
高硫化氢
隧道爆破
石灰水袋法
气体预排放
high gas
high hydrogen sulfide
tunnel blasting
lime water bag
gas predischarge
