摘要
研究计划烧除效果,可以为森林可燃物调控机制提供科学依据。通过调查计划烧除和未计划烧除云南松林枝下高、地表可燃物载量、地表可燃物厚度、灌木高度及室内火行为对比分析,来评价云南松林计划烧除森林可燃物调控效果。结果表明,计划烧除后云南松林分枝下高得到显著提高,平均提高55.9%;地表可燃物载量显著降低,平均降低42.9%;地表可燃物厚度显著降低,平均降低40.8%;云南松林下灌木高度生长受到抑制,其高度和盖度都显著降低,分别降低59.1%和69.3%;草本植物高度和盖度得到提高,平均增幅20.3%和25.8%;计划烧除后云南松林分地表可燃物燃烧时的蔓延速度显著降低,平均降低50.6%,为0.15 m/s;地表可燃物燃烧时的火强度显著降低,平均降低69.3%,为33.3 kW/m/s;地表可燃物燃烧时火焰高度显著降低,平均降低42.3%,为0.29 m;云南松林分下枝高与火焰高度的距离明显增大,平均增幅91.2%,为1.77 m。通过计划烧除,降低了地表可燃物潜在火强度,减弱了地表火引发树冠火的潜在危险,达到了计划烧除森林可燃物调控的效果。
The effects of prescribed burning were studied to provide scientific basis for the regulation mechanism of forest fuel treatments.The effects of prescribed burning in Pinus yunnanensis forest was evaluated by investigating and comparing the relative parameters between prescribed burning and non-burning,such as the height of lowest branch,fuel load,surface fuel depth,shrub height and indoor fire behavior.After prescribed burning,the height of lowest branch of P.yunnanensis significantly increased by 55.9%on average;surface fuel load decreased significantly by 42.9%on average;surface fuel depth decreased significantly by 40.8%on average.The height and coverage of shrubs under P.yunnanensis forest significantly decreased by 59.1%and 69.3%,respectively;the height and the coverage of herbaceous plants increased by 20.3%and 25.8%on average;the spread rate of surface combustibles in P.yunnanensis forest decreased significantly,decreasing by 50.6%to 0.15 m/s on average;the fire intensity of surface combustibles decreased significantly,69.3%on average,to 33.3 kW/m/s;the flame height of surface combustibles decreased significantly,with an average decrease of 42.3%,to 0.29 m;the distance between the height of lowest branch and flame height increased significantly,with an average increase of 91.2%,to 1.77 m.Prescribed burning can reduce the potential fire intensity of surface fuels,weaken the potential danger of crown fire caused by surface fire,and the control effect of fuel treatments of prescribed burning can be achieved.
作者
张运生
舒立福
赵凤君
王秋华
ZHANG Yun-sheng;SHU Li-fu;ZHAO Feng-jun;WANG Qiu-hua(College of Public Secuety,Nanjing Forest Police College,Nanjing 210023,Jiangsu,China;Research Institute of Forest Ecology,Environment and Protection,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Faculty of Civil Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,China)
出处
《西北林学院学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期189-196,共8页
Journal of Northwest Forestry University
基金
国家自然科学基金(31901321)
中国民用航空局安全能力建设项目(民航局合同[2021]143号)
民航警务研究中心(205432024)。
关键词
云南松林
计划烧除
火行为
可燃物调控
Pinus yunnanensis forest
prescribed burning
fire behavior
fuel treatment
