摘要
栾川县曾多次暴发山洪、泥石流灾害,矿渣型泥石流隐患发育十分典型,矿渣型泥石流与自然泥石流最大的差异在于物源不同。以栾川县康山金矿区为研究对象,通过对地形地貌、气象水文和泥石流物源进行调查研究,总结分析了区内矿渣型泥石流形成条件,泥石流主要物源来自废石弃渣(包括废石渣场和尾矿库),其次是残坡积物、以往泥石流堆积物和沟道内人造耕地。通过实地调查、室内试验和原位试验,对区内废石弃渣、尾矿砂、残坡积土等主要泥石流物源的宏观特征、颗粒级配、渗透特性进行研究,研究结果表明:废石渣场属于砾类土,其不均匀系数C_(u)=35.87,曲率系数C_(c)=1.5,具有明显的颗粒粒径分层规律,级配良好;研究区废石渣场d≥2 mm的颗粒平均含量为76.68%,属于狭义泥石流类型;废石渣场的渗透系数平均值为0.069600 cm/s,是自然泥石流渗透系数(0.021800 cm/s)的3.2倍,是残坡积土渗透系数(0.017320 cm/s)的4倍,是尾矿砂渗透系数(0.001869 cm/s)的37倍;不同泥石流物源的渗透系数与其粗颗粒含量呈正相关关系。
Luanchuan County has experienced many flash floods and debris flow disasters,and the potential development of slag debris flow is very typical.The biggest difference between slag debris flow and natural debris flow is the difference in provenance.Takes Kangshan Gold Mining Area in Luanchuan County as the research object,the formation conditions of the slag debris flow in the area are summarized and analyzed by investigating the topography,geomorphology,meteorology,hydrology,and debris flow provenance.Research on the macroscopic characteristics,particle size distribution,and permeability characteristics of major debris flow sources such as waste rock and slag,tailings sand,and residual slope soil in the area shows that the waste rock slag field belongs to gravel soil,and its uneven coefficient C_(u)=35.87,curvature coefficient C_(c)=1.5,with obvious particle size stratification law and good gradation.The average content of particles d≥2 mm in the waste rock and slag yard in the study area is 76.68%,belonging to the narrow debris flow type.The average permeability coefficient of waste rock and slag yard is 0.069600 cm/s,which is 3.2 times of the permeability coefficient of natural debris flow(0.021800 cm/s),4 times of the permeability coefficient of eluvial soil(0.017320 cm/s),and 37 times of the permeability coefficient of tailings sand(0.001869 cm/s).The permeability coefficient is positively correlated with coarse particle content of different debris flow sources.
作者
刘向东
黄虹霖
孙建伟
刘星宇
贾煦
张旭晃
孙亚柯
赵兴志
张晓龙
LIU Xiangdong;HUANG Honglin;SUN Jianwei;LIU Xingyu;JIA Xu;ZHANG Xuhuang;SUN Yake;ZHAO Xingzhi;ZHANG Xiaolong(Xi’an Mineral Resources Survey Center,China Geological Survey,Xi’an 710100,China;Natural Resources Bureau of Luanchuan County,Luanchuan 471500,China)
出处
《中国矿业》
2023年第7期72-78,共7页
China Mining Magazine
基金
中国地质调查局“熊耳山-伏牛山矿集区生态修复支撑调查”项目资助(编号:DD20208079,ZD20220218)。
关键词
矿渣型泥石流
物源特征
颗粒级配
砾类土
渗透系数
slag debris flow
provenance characteristic
particle size distribution
gravel soil
permeability coefficient
