摘要
传统聚氨酯(PU)是由多异氰酸酯与多元醇化合物反应制得的高分子物质,因结构可控、性能优良,在诸多领域中有广泛应用。但由于异氰酸酯的毒性及湿敏性问题,在很大程度上限制了PU的进一步发展,寻求传统PU替代物成为大势所趋,非异氰酸酯聚氨酯(NIPU)由此应运而生。NIPU是一种不使用异氰酸酯为原料而合成的具有氨基甲酸酯结构的新型聚氨酯化合物,其具有与传统聚氨酯相似的优良性能,且由于分子链中重复结构单元可形成分子内六元环氢键结构,使得NIPU具有较优于传统聚氨酯的化学稳定性、耐水解性、耐化学性及抗渗透性等,可作为传统聚氨酯的理想替代物之一。此外,NIPU合成过程中不使用高毒害物质为原料,因而成为当前聚氨酯工业领域的重点研究内容。笔者综述了非异氰酸酯聚氨酯的合成方法、反应机理及其主要应用领域的研究现状,重点阐述了其在胶黏剂,尤其是木材胶黏剂领域中的应用研究进展。并结合木材工业产业发展状态,及当前有关生物质原料在木材胶黏剂领域的应用研究热潮,对非异氰酸酯聚氨酯胶黏剂的发展前景做出展望。
Traditional polyurethane(PU)is a polymeric material prepared by the reaction of isocyanates and polyol compounds.For the advantages of its controllable structures,easy preparation and excellent performance,PU has been widely used in preparing many types of materials and adhesives for bonding rubber,plastic,wood,leather,fabric,paper and many other materials in various fields nowadays.However,due to the toxicity and humid sensitivity of the necessary isocyanate raw material currently used during the PU preparation process,as well as the issues about environmental protection,the health and safety of human beings have been more concerned by people all over the world,the further development of PU is now severe limited.It has become an irresistible trend for seeking the replacement of the traditional PU with more green products.Therefore,non-isocyanate polyurethane(NIPU)has been successfully synthesized and developed.Non-isocyanate polyurethane is a compound that with also urethane structure and synthesized without using highly toxic isocyanate as a raw material.The main preparation method of the non-isocyanate polyurethane is by the reaction of cyclic carbonate with polyamine compounds,which is an easy process to be carried out and also environmentally friendly.Furthermore,because the repeated structural units in the molecular chain of the synthesized non-isocyanate polyurethane can form the intramolecular six-membered cyclic hydrogen bond structures,which caused the non-isocyanate polyurethane to be better chemical stability,hydrolysis resistance,chemical resistance,and permeability resistance than the traditional polyurethane,it can be used as an ideal alternative to the traditional PU.In addition,because the synthesis process on non-isocyanate polyurethane does not use highly toxic substances as raw materials,it has become the focus of research in the field of polyurethane industry,a large number of studies have reported the synthesis,reaction mechanism,modification methods and application on non-isocyanate polyure
作者
席雪冬
张倩玉
陈实
曹龙
杜官本
雷洪
XI Xuedong;ZHANG Qianyu;CHEN Shi;CAO Long;DU Guanben;LEI Hong(Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products,College of Material Science and Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration of Plant Fiber Functional Materials,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350108,China;International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials,Kunming 650224,China;College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China)
出处
《林业工程学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期19-26,共8页
Journal of Forestry Engineering
基金
云南省基础研究专项-面上项目(202201AT070045)
植物纤维功能材料国家林业和草原局重点实验室开放基金(2020KFJJ12)
云南省教育厅基金(2022J0490)。
