摘要
对全国71546名9~18岁儿童审美素养进行数据调查,并通过夏普利值分解和中介效应模型分析,得出以下结论:个体、家庭、学校和社会在儿童审美素养发展中发挥了不同的作用,影响程度由高到低依次为:个体>家庭>学校>社会,其中儿童的好奇心、生活态度以及学校的美育资源是影响儿童审美素养发展的最关键的三个子因素;不同因素对不同性别和学段儿童审美素养的影响作用存在差异;父母的艺术爱好是通过亲子互动实现对孩子审美素养发展的促进作用;教师教学质量在学校美育资源影响儿童审美素养发展中发挥显著的中介作用;社会美育资讯传播顺畅能够促进美育资源更好地发挥作用。由此提出儿童美育建议:注重儿童内驱力的激发和培养,确立面向实践和现实生活的审美素养发展的美育目标;充分发挥家庭对于儿童审美素养的陶养作用;营造具有美育价值的学习生活环境;丰富多元的审美体验和艺术创作实践应是教学的主形态;通过多种形式和渠道传播社会美育资讯,充分发挥社会美育资源的价值。
This study,based on a survey of the aesthetic competence of 71,546 children aged between 9 and 8 in China,the Shapley Value Decomposition,and the intermediary effect model,finds the following:Individuals,families,schools and society play different roles in the development of children's aesthetic competence,and individuals play the most significant role,followed by families,schools,and society;the most critical factors affecting the development of children's aesthetic competence include children's curiosity,their attitude towards life,and schools'resources about aesthetic education;for boys and girls at different educational stages,there are differences in the effect of different factors on their aesthetic competence;parents'artistic hobbies promote the development of their children's aesthetic competence through parent-child interaction;teachers'teaching quality significantly mediates between schools'aesthetic resources and the development of children's aesthetic competence;and the smooth dissemination of the social information about aesthetic education helps aesthetic resources play a better role.In conclusion,the authors propose the following as to children's aesthetic education:highlighting the stimulation of children's intrinsic motivation,and establishing the aesthetic goal of developing their aesthetic competence oriented to practice and real life;giving full play to families'cultivation of children's aesthetic competence;creating a learning and living environment with aesthetic value;highlighting such major teaching modes as diversified aesthetic experience and the practice of artistic creation;and disseminating social information about aesthetic education through various channels,and giving full play to the value of social resources about aesthetic education.
作者
易晓明
徐晟
杜丽姣
Yi Xiaoming;Xu Sheng;Du Lijiao(the Institute of Moral Education(Key Research Institute in University),Nanjing Normal University;the School of Education Science,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097;the School of Fine Arts,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097)
出处
《教育研究》
北大核心
2023年第6期78-94,共17页
Educational Research
关键词
儿童发展
审美素养
美育
children's development
aesthetic competence
aesthetic education
