摘要
表面增强拉曼散射光谱(SERS)是一种能够提供分子指纹信息的振动光谱技术,具有单分子级的检测灵敏度、尖化的谱峰,以其无需标定、非破坏性、多个组分同时检测等优势,广泛应用于表面科学、材料科学、生物医学、药物分析、食品安全、环境检测等诸多领域。随着1997年单分子SERS现象的发现,表面等离激元效应受到了广泛的关注,科研人员集中研究了光与纳米结构相互作用所产生的表面等离激元现象这一基本科学问题,并对各种纳米结构进行了精准调控,促进了纳米技术的蓬勃发展。然而,过去几十年的研究表明:仅仅依靠电磁场增强机制及纳米结构构筑,难以实现高灵敏的单分子SERS检测。因此,针对不同分子与纳米结构表面相互作用规律、分子在热点处吸附-解吸附行为及复杂基质与待测分子的相互作用机制等一系列基本科学问题仍需要进行深入研究。本文系统介绍了当前SERS检测的技术瓶颈,包括灵敏度的提高、弱吸附物质的检测和复杂基质的影响等,重点关注浓缩富集和分子定位手段及其应用。详细介绍了构建多功能SERS基底时所使用的物理、化学和吸附剂策略,并分析了该领域目前所面临的挑战。同时提出新的研究方向,以实现对于实际应用非常重要的高效SERS基底设计思路。
Surface enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy(SERS)is a vibrational spectroscopy technology that can provide molecular fingerprint information,with single-molecule detection sensitivity,sharp peaks,and is widely used in surface science,material science,biomedicine,pharmaceutical analysis,food safety,environmental detection and many other fields due to its advantages of non-calibration,non-destructive,simultaneous detection of multiple components,etc.With the proposal of single-molecule SERS phenomenon in 1997,the surface plasmon effect has received extensive attention,and researchers have focused on the basic scientific problem of surface plasmon phenomenon caused by the interaction between light and nanostructures,and precisely regulated various nanostructures,which has promoted the vigorous development of nanotechnology.However,researches in the past few decades have shown that it is difficult to achieve highly sensitive single-molecule SERS detection by relying only on electromagnetic field enhancement mechanisms and nanostructure construction.Therefore,a series of basic scientific problems such as the surface interaction law of different molecules and nanostructures,the adsorption-desorption behavior of molecules at hot spots,and the interaction mechanism between complex matrices and the molecules to be tested still need to be deeply studied.This review systematically introduces the technical bottlenecks of current SERS detection,including the improvement of sensitivity,the detection of weakly adsorbed substances and the influence of complex matrices,focusing on the methods of concentration enrichment and molecular localization and their applications.The physical,chemical and sorbent strategies used to construct multifunctional SERS substrates are detailed,and current challenges in this field are analyzed.At the same time,new research directions are proposed to realize efficient SERS substrate design ideas that are very important for practical applications.
作者
谢昭达
张瑞元
方吉祥
XIE Zhaoda;ZHANG Ruiyuan;FANG Jixiang(Xi’an Jiaotong University,School of Life Science and Technology,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education)
出处
《光散射学报》
2023年第2期108-122,共15页
The Journal of Light Scattering
关键词
SERS
浓缩富集
分子定位
超灵敏检测
SERS
concentration enrichment
molecular localization
ultrasensitive detection
