摘要
伴随数字技术的不断迭代,数字技术与各类全球治理议题的联系日趋密切,这促使数字空间国际规则的制定成为各方关注的热点议题。功能性国际组织虽大多聚焦传统的经贸等专业化议题,但在数字空间规则制定领域依然发挥了不容忽视的作用。功能性国际组织参与构建数字空间规则的特质在于其具备官方特质,擅长从自身所从事的主要治理议题切入进而开展数字空间规则建设,并强调多利益攸关方概念在数字空间规则制定中的重要作用。经合组织在构建数字规则上采取了诸多举措,围绕数字安全、数字经济、跨境数据流动、人工智能等议题制定了一系列与数字技术发展相适应的国际规则,并通过形成联合工作组、共同发布相关文件、借助多边机制加深沟通对话等方式与其他国际机构协作推进数字规则的生成。经合组织还在数字规则建构中从社会学视角审视多利益攸关方模式。未来,功能性国际组织需通过规则构建推动成员国国内数字信息产业发展,进一步深层次推进制定与其治理议题相关的数字空间国际规则,力图使适用于其组织内部的数字规则上升为全球性准则,为全球数字规则体系的完善作出贡献。
Since digital technology,with its continuous evolution,is increasingly relevant to various global governance issues,setting international norms in the digital space has become a hot topic.Although most functional international organizations (FIOs) traditionally focus on trade and other specialized issues,they still play an important role in developing international norms for the digital space.FIOs are suited for norms-setting in digital spaces because of their official status,easy adaptation to the task of developing digital norms for issue areas they govern,and an emphasis on the critical role of multiple stakeholders.As one of the FIOs,the OECD has formulated a series of international norms compatible with the development of digital technology in areas such as digital security,digital economy,cross-border data flows,and AI.To this end,it has also collaborated with other international institutions through joint working groups,joint release of documents,and enhanced dialogue afforded by other multilateral mechanisms.Drawing on sociological perspectives,it has also adopted a multi-stakeholder approach in developing digital norms.In the future,FIOs need to promote the development of the digital sector in their member states through norms-setting.They also need to develop more international digital norms in their specialized issue areas,and work to promote these norms as global norms,contributing to the improvement of the system of global digital norms.
出处
《国际论坛》
北大核心
2023年第4期24-47,155,156,共26页
International Forum
基金
2022年国家社会科学基金青年项目“中美数字技术国际标准制定竞争及我国对策研究”(项目批准号:22CGJ021)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
数字空间规则
数字技术
功能性国际组织
经合组织
全球治理
digital norms
digital technology
functional international organizations(FIOs)
OECD
global governance
