摘要
籽粒硬度可以反映麦类籽粒胚乳质地,与其碾磨性能和食用加工品质密切相关。为了探究裸燕麦(Avena nuda L.)籽粒淀粉特性及其表面结合蛋白与籽粒硬度的关系。本文以5份软质和5份硬质裸燕麦种质为材料,测定总淀粉、支链和直链淀粉含量,观察淀粉粒特性和粒度,对淀粉颗粒表面结合蛋白进行质谱鉴定。结果表明:成熟籽粒中淀粉颗粒的形状有圆形、椭圆形和不规则形,淀粉粒的数量、体积和表面积均呈现单峰分布;淀粉粒大小可分为小(粒径<6μm)、中(6~40μm)和大淀粉粒(粒径>40μm),裸燕麦籽粒主要由小和中淀粉粒组成;硬度不同的裸燕麦籽粒中淀粉的粒度分布不同,软质裸燕麦小淀粉粒的数量和体积百分比高于硬质,中、大淀粉粒的数量和体积百分比低于硬质;软质裸燕麦小和中淀粉粒的表面积百分比高于硬质,大淀粉粒表面积百分比低于硬质;裸燕麦籽粒硬度与支链淀粉含量呈正相关。软质裸燕麦14 kD蛋白在淀粉颗粒表面的含量高于硬质裸燕麦,该蛋白条带经HPLC/MS共鉴定到41种蛋白,包括Vromindoline蛋白和燕麦α淀粉酶胰蛋白酶抑制剂等。综上所述,裸燕麦籽粒淀粉含量、粒度分布和淀粉表面结合蛋白均与籽粒硬度相关,支链淀粉含量越高,小淀粉粒的数量、表面积和体积百分比越多,Vromindoline等蛋白含量越高,裸燕麦籽粒越软,为揭示裸燕麦籽粒硬度形成机制奠定了基础。
Kernel hardness can reflect the texture of wheat kernels and it is closely related to its milling performance and edible quality.The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between naked oat(Avena nuda L.)grain starch properties and its surface-bound proteins with grain hardness.In this experiment,to determine the content of total starch,amylopectin and amylose,observe the characteristics and particle size of starch granules,and identify the surface-bound proteins of starch granules by mass spectrometry,five soft and five hard naked oat germplasms were used as the materials.The results showed that the shapes of starch granules in mature grains were round,oval and irregular,and the number,volume and surface area of starch granules showed a unimodal distribution.The size of starch granules could be divided into small(particle size<6μm),medium(6–40μm),and large starch granules(particle size>40μm).Naked oat grains were mainly composed of small and medium starch granules.The grain size distribution of starch in naked oat grains with different hardness was different.The number and volume percentage of small starch granules in soft naked oat were higher than those in hard,and the number and volume percentage of medium and large starch grains were lower than those in hard.The percentage of surface area of soft naked oat small and medium starch granules was higher than that of hard,and the percentage of surface area of large starch granules was lower than that of hard.There was a significant positive correlation between the grain hardness of naked oat and the amylopectin content.The results showed that the protein content of the starch granule surface with a size of 14 kD was higher in soft oats than in hard ones.A total of 41 proteins were identified by HPLC/MS for starch granule surface-binding proteins at 14 kD,including Vromindoline protein and oat alpha amylase trypsin inhibitor.The above results showed that the starch content,particle size distribution and starch surface-bound protein in naked oa
作者
南金生
安江红
柴明娜
蒋屿潋
朱志强
杨燕
韩冰
NAN Jin-Sheng;AN Jiang-Hong;CHAI Ming-Na;JIANG Yu-Lian;ZHU Zhi-Qiang;YANG Yan;and HAN Bing(Key Laboratory of Wheat Germplasm Innovation and Utilization Autonomous Region Higher School/Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,Inner Mongolia,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science,Hohhot 010018,Inner Mongolia,China)
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第9期2552-2561,共10页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0119800)
麦类种质创新利用自治区高等学校重点实验室和“饲用作物及有益微生物种质资源与分子育种”团队经费项目(TD202103)资助。
