摘要
运用生活历史法对7位留守经历者进行访谈,了解并梳理其留守经历,发现被访者的社会性发展程度存在差异:有些留守儿童的社会性发展体现出亲密的亲子关系、平等的同伴交往关系、外向型性格、稳定性情绪以及自信的自我评价;有些留守儿童的社会性发展体现出淡漠的亲子关系、讨好的同伴交往关系、内向型性格、情绪易变以及不自信。而出现这种社会性发展差异的主要原因是不同的留守儿童的心理弹性与压力应激水平不同、关系发展水平与逆境信念水平不同、外部环境对其心理与关系补偿以及适应性促进水平不同。因此,要把留守的消极因素与负面作用降到最低,就需要更好地设置留守环境与关注留守儿童的心理状态,建议谨慎选择临时监护人、搭建留守儿童的发展“心理支架”、尽量推迟留守年龄以及让孩子形成正确的“留守”认知。
Life history method was used to interview 7 people with left-behind experience,understand their left-behind experience and sort out their left-behind experience.It was found that the social development of the interviewees was different:some left-behind children showed close parent-child relationship,equal communication relationship with peers,extroverted personality,emotional stability and confident self-evaluation;the social development of some left-behind children reflects indifferent parent-child relationship,a tendency to ingratiate themselves in peer relationships,introversion,emotional volatility and lack of confidence.The main reasons for this difference in social development may be different levels of psychological resilience and stress stress,different levels of relationship development and adversity belief,and different levels of psychological and relationship compensation and adaptability promotion from the external environment.Therefore,in order to minimize the negative factors and negative effects of left-behind,it is necessary to better set up the left-behind environment and pay attention to the psychological state of left-behind children,it is recommended to carefully choose temporary guardians,building“psychological supports”for the development of left-behind children,delaying the left-behind time as much as possible,and allowing children to form a correct“left-behind”cognition.
作者
季诚钧
韩连权
JI Cheng-jun;HANG Lian-quan(Institute of Chinese Education Modernization,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China;Jinghengyi College of Education,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China)
出处
《贵州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
2023年第4期105-115,共11页
Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Social Sciences)
基金
国家社科基金一般项目“农村留守儿童社会性发展监测研究”(BHA210133)的阶段性成果。
关键词
农村留守儿童
留守经历
社会性发展
生活历史法
left-behind children in rural areas
left-behind experiences
social development
life history approach
