摘要
中国音乐之所以具有“中国性”,离不开中华传统美学的滋养,中国音乐的传统美学基础主要体现在美学之元、技术之道与审美之境三个维度。声、音、乐是构成中国音乐的传统美学三元,而“乐”是在宇宙论和生存论中建构和发展的,使得中国音乐之“技术”既蕴含“形而上”——在理念层对音乐文化整体观的承载,也包含“形而下”——在经验层对音乐感性音响模态的把控手段和能力。“律—调—谱—器”建构了中国音乐理念层的音乐文化整体观,“字—腔—曲—韵”建构了中国乐派经验层的感性音响模态,中国传统音乐独特的技术美学蕴含着乐理和乐感,其艺术风格则外显于“声音”。中国音乐的审美之境是意象、意境与气韵的统一,中国音乐艺术实践应当传承“以象呈意”或“以象达意”的传统表现方式,从而更好地明确中国音乐的中国身份和发展道路。
The reason why Chinese music has the“Chinese character”cannot be separated from the nourishment of traditional Chinese aesthetics.The traditional aesthetic foundation of Chinese music is mainly embodied in three dimensions,namely,the origin of aesthetics,the way of technology and the aesthetic environment.Sound,note and music are the three traditional aesthetic elements of Chinese music,and“music”is constructed and developed in cosmology and existentialism,so that the“technology”of Chinese music contains not only the“metaphysical”bearing of the overall view of musical culture on the rational level,but also the means and ability of“materiality”controlling the perceptual sound mode of music on the empirical level.“Rhythm,tone,score and instrument”constructs the overall view of music culture on the rational level of Chinese music,“word,cavity,qu and rhyme”constructs the perceptual sound mode on the experience level of Chinese music,and the unique technical aesthetics of traditional Chinese music is hidden in the musical theory and sense,and its artistic style is manifested in the“sound”.The aesthetic environment of Chinese music is the unity of image,artistic conception and spirit.Chinese musical art practice should inherit the traditional way of expression of“showing meaning by image”or“expressing meaning by image”,so as to better define the“Chinese”identity and development path of Chinese music.
出处
《中国文艺评论》
2023年第5期63-76,I0003,I0004,共16页
China Literature and Art Criticism
基金
2019年度国家社科基金艺术学重大项目“中国乐派研究”(项目批准号:19ZD13)的阶段性成果。
关键词
中国音乐
传统美学
美学之元
技术之道
审美之境
Chinese music
traditional aesthetics
the essence of aesthetics
way of technology
aesthetic realm
