摘要
从古典主义到新批评,关于莎士比亚《奥赛罗》的批评研究多关注主人公的性格,却忽视作品的意识形态和话语语境,让该剧的美学价值受到特定教条的制约,容易造成解读的偏颇。本文针对某些失之偏颇的观点进行回应,分析剧中以及批评史上围绕奥赛罗与苔丝狄蒙娜的跨种族婚姻而进行的文化和意识形态层面的意义构建。本文将种族和性别问题纳入考虑,探究手帕这个文化符号在这桩跨种族婚姻中以及批评潮流中如何发挥了重要的作用。据此,本文认为,跨种族婚姻的失败不能简单地归各于人物的性格缺陷,其深层根源更在于有关性别和种族的文化价值取向中的种种不可调和的矛盾,而这些矛盾不仅存在于剧本创作的时代,而且存在于当代批评中。本文还认为,手帕所引发的悲剧冲突蕴含了无论是古典主义关于《奥赛罗》的批评还是新批评的解读都无法认识到的美学价值。
From Classicism to New Criticism,critical studies of Shakespeare's Otbello have paid much attention to the protagonist's character but have neglected the ideological and discursive context of the work,thus limiting its aesthetic values to the dictation of a certain credo that fosters a biased understanding.Responding to some of the biased views,this paper offers an analysis of the cultural and ideological constructions of the interracial marriage,within the tragedy,as between Othello and Desdemona,and without,as in its critical history.Examining how the cultural symbol of handkerchief plays a significant role in the interracial marriage and in critical trends,this paper takes the issues of race and gender into consideration.Hence,we argue that the interracial marriage is not merely ruined with a certain character's personality defects,but is rooted in a variety of irreconcilable contradictions in cultural valuation of gender and race from the early modern times to contemporary criticism,and that the handkerchief triggers tragic conflicts and embodies aesthetic values that go beyond Classicist or New Critical interpretations of Otbello.
作者
蒋金蒙
杨林贵
JIANG Jinmeng(Donghua University)
出处
《中世纪与文艺复兴研究》
2021年第2期16-29,共14页
Medieval and Renaissance Studies
基金
东华大学莎士比亚研究所特色研究项目阶段性成果。
