摘要
【目的】为提高氮肥利用效率,减少氮排放,将聚丙烯酰胺与氮肥进行配施,研究相关处理对盆栽苹果苗生理生长、氮排放与土壤特性的影响,为苹果种植采用合理的聚丙烯酰胺用量,提高氮肥利用率提供理论依据。【方法】以烟富3号三年生苹果苗为试验材料,通过盆栽试验分别设置聚丙烯酰胺0 g、25 g、50 g、75 g与氮肥0 g、12.5 g、25 g、50 g组合配施处理,分析氧化亚氮排放通量、铵态氮排放速率,土壤团聚体以及有机质等土壤养分的含量变化。【结果】在同一氮肥水平下,氧化亚氮排放通量与铵态氮排放速率,随着聚丙烯酰胺用量的提高整体呈现下降趋势,在氮排放总量上聚丙烯酰胺可以显著降低氮排放,在12.5 g、25 g、50 g氮肥水平下,施加75 g聚丙烯酰胺的处理相比不施加聚丙烯酰胺的处理,氮排放分别减少了19.44%、30.00%、37.02%;聚丙烯酰胺的施用能不同程度改善土壤理化性质,在12.5 g、25 g、50 g氮肥水平下,土壤中速效氮质量分数均在施用75 g聚丙烯酰胺时达到最高值,分别提高了43.46%、38.35%、30.35%,有机质以及>0.25 mm的团聚体也表现出相似的趋势,在12.5 g与50 g的氮肥水平下,在施用75g聚丙烯酰胺时有机质含量达到最高值,相比不施用聚丙烯酰胺的处理,增加了37.02%与35.93%;在同一氮肥水平下,施用聚丙烯酰胺的苹果盆栽苗当年新梢增长量、根系总长度、根系面积与体积都显著高于不施加聚丙烯酰胺的处理。【结论】综上所述,聚丙烯酰胺能够有效改善氮排放、土壤特性,促进苹果树生长。
【Objective】In order to improve the efficiency of nitrogen use and reduce nitrogen emission,polyacrylamide and nitrogen fertilizer were applied together to study the effects of related treatments on the physiological growth of potted apple seedlings,nitrogen emission and soil characteristics,which provided a theoretical basis for apple planting using a reasonable amount of polyacrylamide and improving nitrogen utilization rate.【Methods】Taking Yanfu No.3 three-year apple seedling as the test material,pot experiment was conducted to set the combination of polyacrylamide(0 g,25 g,50 g,75 g)and nitrogen fertilizer(0 g,12.5 g,25 g,50 g),respectively,to analyze the nitrous oxide emission flux,ammonium nitrogen emission rate,soil aggregate and organic matter content changes.【Results】The results showed that under the same nitrogen fertilizer level,the nitrous oxide emission flux and ammonium nitrogen emission rate showed an overall downward trend with the increase of the dosage of polyacrylamide,and the total nitrogen emission of polyacrylamide could significantly reduce the nitrogen emission.Under the three nitrogen fertilizer levels of 12.5 g,25 g and 50 g,compared with the treatment without the application of 75g polyacrylamide,the nitrogen emission decreased by 19.44%,30.00%and 37.02%,respectively.The application of polyacrylamide could improve soil physical and chemical properties in different degrees.Under the three nitrogen fertilizer levels of 12.5 g,25 g and 50 g,the available nitrogen content in soil reached the highest value under the application of 75 g polyacrylamide,increasing 43.46%,38.35%,30.35%,organic matter and>,respectively.The>0.25 mm aggregates also showed a similar trend.Under the nitrogen fertilizer level of 12.5 g and 50 g,the organic matter content reached the highest value under the application of 75 g polyacrylamide,which increased by 37.02%and 35.93%compared with the treatment without the application of polyacrylamide.Under the same nitrogen fertilizer level,the new growth,total
作者
于国康
梁洁
张馨予
赵紫嫣
张林森
YU Guokang;LIANG Jie;ZHANG Xinyu;ZHAO Ziyan;ZHANG Linsen(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)
出处
《果树资源学报》
2023年第4期7-15,共9页
Journal of Fruit Resources
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-27)。
关键词
聚丙烯酰胺
氮排放
苹果
土壤特性
polyacrylamide
emission of nitrogen
apple
characteristics of soil
