摘要
为探究全球气候变暖背景下冬小麦生长发育情况,通过全生育期增温,研究温度升高对冬小麦叶片保护酶活性和产量的影响。2021年11月,在南京信息工程大学农业气象试验站进行框栽试验,以常温为对照(CK),以开放式增温装置模拟大气增温1.5℃(eT)条件,以在南移的黑龙江黑土、北移的海南砖红壤和江苏南京黄棕壤上生长的冬小麦为研究材料,以成熟期小麦株高、单穗粒数、千粒质量等指标体现生长量的变化,以拔节期和开花期冬小麦叶片的叶绿素(SPAD)和丙二醛(MDA)含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性等指标表征保护酶系统的变化。结果表明:全生育期增温使生长在黄棕壤、黑土和砖红壤上的小麦叶绿素含量分别显著减少了9.51%、19.03%和4.60%,使开花期MDA含量分别显著增加了10.59%、14.83%和13.72%,说明增温通过影响光合作用和膜脂过氧化衰减了叶片功能使开花期叶片SOD、POD和CAT活性显著升高,这表明冬小麦叶片在增温条件下仍保持了较高的抗氧化能力。相关性分析表明,开花期MDA含量、POD活性与产量指标呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。此外,全生育期增温显著降低了生长在黄棕壤和黑土上冬小麦的株高、单穗粒数和千粒质量,最终导致产量分别减少33.86%和16.53%,然而黑土上生长的冬小麦各参数对增温的响应程度低于黄棕壤。增温导致砖红壤上生长的冬小麦千粒质量有所降低,但是最终产量未达到5%的显著差异。综合而言,增温能通过降低光合作用、提升膜脂过氧化水平导致冬小麦生长减缓,且这种减缓作用在黑龙江黑土冬小麦上的效应较弱,但对黄棕壤上的冬小麦影响较大。
To explore the development of winter wheat production under global warming,the effects of elevated temperature on leaf protective enzyme activity and winter wheat yield during the vegetative and reproductive growth periods were studied by experimental warming during the whole growth period.In November 2021,a frame-planting experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Meteorological Experimental Station of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology.Ambient air temperature was designed as control(CK),and an open warming device was used to simulate an atmospheric temperature increase of 1.5℃(eT).Winter wheat grown on black soil(from Heilongjiang),brick red soil(from Hainan),and yellow-brown soil(from Nanjing)was the focus of this research.The changes in growth amount at the maturity stage were reflected by indicators such as plant height,kernel number per panicle,and 1000-grain weight.The contents of chlorophyll(SPAD)and malondialdehyde(MDA),and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT)in wheat leaves of jointing and flowering stages were used to characterize the protective enzyme system.The results showed that elevated temperature significantly reduced the chlorophyll content of wheat grown on yellow-brown soil,black soil,and brick red soil by 9.51%,19.03%and 4.60%,respectively,and increased the MDA content at the flowering stage by 10.59%,14.83%and 13.72%.This indicates that warming attenuated leaf function by affecting photosynthesis and membrane lipid peroxidation.Significantly increased SOD,POD,and CAT activities in wheat leaves during the flowering stages indicates that winter wheat leaves maintain a high protective capacity under warming conditions.MDA content and POD activity showed significant negative correlation with yield during the reproductive growth period.In addition,elevated temperature significantly decreased plant height,kernel number per panicle and 1000-grain weight of wheat grown on yellow-brown and black soils,leading to a 33.86%and 16.53%yiel
作者
金丽惠
冯茜
潘仕球
苗淑杰
乔云发
JIN Lihui;FENG Qian;PAN Shiqiu;MIAO Shujie;QIAO Yunfa(School of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Guilin Meteorological Bureau,Guilin 541001,China)
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期1228-1237,共10页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金项目(BE2022312)
江苏省农业自主创新项目[CX(21)3170]。
关键词
冬小麦
全生育期增温
土壤类型
保护酶系统
产量
winter wheat
warming throughout the growth period
soil type
protective enzyme activity
yield
