摘要
巢址选择对鸟类的巢捕食率具有重要影响,研究鸟类的巢址特征与巢捕食率之间的关系有利于揭示不同巢址特征对鸟类成功繁殖的作用。本研究以2014至2017年在河南董寨国家级自然保护区观察的红头长尾山雀(Aegithalos concinnus)为研究对象,分析了红头长尾山雀在卵期(产卵及孵卵期)(n=124巢)及育雏期(n=119巢)被捕食巢和成功巢的日存活率与发现巢的时间和营巢植物种类之间的关系,同时还根据其巢址的总体特征对其巢址安全性进行评级,以探究研究者评估的巢址安全等级对预测巢存活率的有效性。结果显示:在卵期,营巢于竹类植物(如箬竹Indocalamustessellatus和刚竹属Phyllostachys sp.植物)、茶(Camellia sinensis)、灌草类植物(如蔷薇Rosa spp.和禾本科Gramineae植物)和杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)上的红头长尾山雀巢的日存活率皆显著高于在松柏类植物(如油松Pinus massoniana、侧柏Platycladusorientalis和圆柏Juniperuschinensis)上的巢;在育雏期,营巢于灌草类植物上巢的日存活率显著低于竹类、杉木和茶树上巢的日存活率。卵期巢的日存活率随巢日龄的增加而显著降低,但育雏期巢的日存活率不随巢日龄显著变化。此外,巢的日存活率与发现巢的日期之间没有显著关系,研究者评估为巢址安全等级不同的巢,其日存活率也无显著差异。综上所述,本研究的结果表明,营巢于某些特定植物有助于降低红头长尾山雀面临的巢捕食风险,说明营巢植物种类对鸟类的繁殖成功率具有重要影响。
[Objectives]The nest predation of birds is often affected by nest-site selection.Studying the relationship between nest site and nest predation rate may help to reveal the role of different nest site characteristics in the successful reproduction of birds.[Methods]Using Black-throated Tit(Aegithalos concinnus)nests that were predated and those succeeded in the Dongzhai National Nature Reserve of Henan province from 2014 to 2017 as our study subjects,we investigated the relationship of daily nest survival rate with the found date of nest,and nesting plants by using nest survival analysis with RMark(a R package that provides a formula-based interface for the program MARK).We also assessed their nest-site safety class based on nest-site characteristics and examined whether researchers'assessment of nest-site safety class could predict daily nest survival rate.Because nest predation might differ between different breeding stages,the egg stage(egg-laying and incubation stage;124 nests)and nestling stage(119 nests)were analyzed separately.[Results]Daily nest survival rate decreased significantly with increasing nest age at the egg stage(Fig.1,Table 2),but no significant relationship between nest age and nest survival rate existed in nestling stage(Table 3).In addition,daily nest survival rate did not change with the found dates of the nests and nest safety levels(Table 2,Table 3).However,at the egg stage,the nests built on bamboos(Indocalamus tessellatus,Phyllostachys sp.),Chinese firs(Cunninghamia lanceolate),bushes and grasses(e.g.Rosa spp.)and teas(Camellia sinensis)had a significantly higher daily nest survival rate than those built on cypress(Platycladus orientalis,Juniperus chinensis)and pine trees(Pinus massoniana)(Fig.2a,Table 2).Furthermore,at the nestling stage,the nests built on bushes and grasses had a significantly lower daily nest survival rate than those built on teas,Chinese firs and bamboos(Fig.2b,Table 3).[Conclusion]Our results suggest that nesting on certain plants may reduce the nest predation risk
作者
朱家贵
黄涛
杜志勇
胡骞
李建强
ZHU Jia-Gui;HUANG Tao;DU Zhi-Yong;HU Qian;LI Jian-Qiang(Ministration Bureau of Dongzhai National Nature Reserve,Luoshan 464236;School of Ecology and Nature Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《动物学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期330-340,共11页
Chinese Journal of Zoology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.31970421,31472011)。
关键词
红头长尾山雀
巢日存活率
营巢植物
巢捕食
巢址安全性
Aegithalos concinnus
Daily nest survival rate
Nesting plant
Nest predation
Nest-site safety
