摘要
城区耕地是一种正在消失的城市土地利用类型,其物种多样性对于城市生态系统组成、结构和功能具有重要影响作用。以云南省昭通市昭阳区玉米田为研究对象,采用样地调查法获得草本杂草植物物种信息,选用杂草Simpson物种多样性指数(D)、Simpson优势度指数(C)和Partrick丰富度指数(R)等3个指数表示物种多样性,再根据距城市中心距离值和道路影响范围的方法量化城市化等级。结果显示:昭阳区城区残余玉米田杂草以禾本科和菊科为主,且外来物种数>本地物种数;从Simpson多样性指数(D)来看,调查区玉米田杂草多样性呈现南北纵向高于西北横向,并在西南角出现物种多样性较高的小区域;随着城市化程度的加剧,杂草物种多样性变低;在不同道路宽度等级下,距离道路越远,其Simpson优势度指数(C)值越大,杂草群落优势度越明显。因此,建议在城市扩张进程中修建城市斑块绿地,从而提高城市生态系统服务功能。
The cultivated land is one of the disappearing urban land type.Its species diversity has an important impact on the composition,structure and function of urban ecosystem.This paper took the corn cultivated land in Zhaoyang District Zhaotong City Yunnan province as the research object,used the sample plot survey method to obtain the species information of herbaceous weeds,selectd three indexes of weed Simpson species diversity index(D),Simpson dominance index(C)and partrick richness index(R)to represent the species diversity,and then quantified the urbanization level according to the distance from the city center and the influence range of roads.The results showed that the weeds were mainly Gramineae and Compositae in the residual corn fields in Zhaoyang District,and the number of alien species was more than that of native species;From the Simpson diversity index(D),the weed diversity in the North-South vertical direction was higher than that in the northwest horizontal direction,and there was a small area with higher specie diversity in the southwest corner.The specie diversity of weeds was lower with the aggravation of urbanization.Under different road width grades,the farther away from the road,the greater the Simpson dominance index(C)value,and the more obvious the dominance of weed community.It was suggested to build patch green space in the process of urban expansion so as to improve the service function of ecosystem.
作者
冉秋月
陈悦
栋巍
阚东扬
王崇云
RAN Qiu-yue;CHEN Yue;DONG Wei;KAN Dong-yang;WANG Chong-yun(School of Agriculture and Life Sciences,Zhaotong Unicersity,Zhaotong 657000,China;Institute of Ecology and Geobotany,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China)
出处
《杂草学报》
2023年第1期27-34,共8页
Journal of Weed Science
基金
云南省教育厅科学研究基金(编号:2019J1141)。
关键词
城市化
杂草多样性
残余耕地
生物多样性
urbanization
weed diversity
residual cultivated land
biodiversity
