摘要
试验旨在探究收获时间和留茬高度对全株玉米青贮品质和营养成分的影响。试验以收获时间和留茬高度为试验因素,收获时间选择1/3、1/2和3/4乳线期等3个水平,留茬高度选择12、24和36 cm等3个水平,共设9个处理组,每组重复3次。青贮60 d后开封,测定各处理组全株玉米青贮的发酵指标和营养成分指标。结果显示,各处理组的pH值随收获期推迟而升高、随留茬高度增加而下降,乳酸和乙酸含量则相反;各处理组的丙酸含量差异不显著,均未检出丁酸;氨态氮/总氮含量随收获期推迟和留茬高度增加而降低。各处理组的干物质含量随收获期推迟和留茬高度增加而升高;粗蛋白含量随收获期推迟先增加后下降,随留茬高度增加而升高;中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量随收获期推迟而升高,随留茬高度增加而下降,相对饲喂价值则相反。研究表明,建议选择全株玉米的收获时间为1/2乳线期,留茬高度为24 cm,制备的青贮饲料在发酵品质上与各处理组差异不大,且营养品质和相对饲喂价值较高,在保证发酵品质的同时使青贮玉米产量最大化。
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of harvest time and stubble height on silage quality and nutrient composition of whole maize.Harvest time and stubble height were selected as experimental factors.Three levels(1/3,1/2 and 3/4)were selected for harvest time,and three levels(12,24 and 36 cm)were selected for stubble height.There were nine treatment groups,and each group was repeated three times.After silage was opened 60 days later,the fermentation indexes and nutrient composition indexes of whole corn silage in each treatment group were determined.The results showed that the pH value increased with the delay of harvest time and decreased with the increase of stubble height,but the contents of lactic acid and acetic acid were opposite.There was no significant difference in propionic acid content among all treatment groups,and no butyric acid was detected.The ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen content decreased with the delay of harvest and the increase of stubble height.The dry matter content of each treatment group increased with the delay of harvest and the increase of stubble height.Crude protein content increased first and then decreased with the delay of harvest,and increased with the increase of stubble height.The content of neutral west low fiber and acid detergent fiber increased with the delay of harvest and decreased with the increase of stubble height,but the relative feeding value was opposite.The study indicates that it is recommended to select the harvest time of whole corn as 1/2 milk line stage and the stubble height as 24 cm.The silage prepared had little difference with each treatment group in fermentation quality,and the nutritional quality and relative feeding value were higher,which could ensure the fermentation quality and maximize the yield of silage corn.
作者
王诚
赵洪伟
范秋苹
董桂红
何荣彦
翟桂玉
刘德娟
Wang Cheng;Zhao Hongwei;Fan Qiuping;Dong Guihong;He Rongyan;Zhai Guiyu;Liu Dejuan(Shandong Jianyuan Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Shandong Tai'an 271000;College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine of Shandong Agricultural University,Shandong Tai'an 271000;Animal Husbandry Station of Shandong Province,Shandong Ji'nan 250100;Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Tai'an,Shandong Tai'an 271000)
出处
《现代畜牧兽医》
2023年第6期24-27,共4页
Modern Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine
关键词
收获时间
留茬高度
全株玉米青贮
发酵品质
营养成分
相对饲喂价值
Harvest time
Stubble height
Whole-corn silage
Fermentation quality
Nutritional components
Relative feeding value
