摘要
近年来,土壤-地下水介质中的重金属与有机污染状况日趋严重,存在治理难度大、修复效率低等问题.铁锰基纳米材料是一类环境友好、反应活性高、理化性质易调控的理想修复剂,在土壤-地下水污染治理领域受到越来越广泛的关注.发展和推广铁锰基纳米材料,阐明其与污染物间的作用机制和构效关系,有助于突破土壤-地下水污染修复技术瓶颈,实现污染原位绿色低碳修复.本文介绍了可用于污染修复的铁锰基纳米材料的种类与性质,分析了材料对多种污染物吸附、沉淀、氧化还原和催化降解等作用机制,针对铁锰基纳米材料在真实污染场地的应用现状与瓶颈,总结了异质原子掺杂、表界面修饰、晶面调控、缺陷调控与复合材料构建等材料优化合成策略,并对真实场地研究、绿色合成路线、提升传质效率与反应选择性等重要研究方向进行了展望.
In recent years,soil-groundwater system has been severly polluted by inorganic and organic contaminants,while the remediation processes remain challenging and inefficient.Iron/manganese(Fe/Mn)-based nanomaterials are environmentally friendly with high reactivity and tunable physicochemical properties,and thus have attracted increasing attention as an ideal type of agent for soil-groundwater remediation.In-depth understanding of the interfacial mechanism and structure-property relationship that govern the nanomaterial-contaminant reactions will help enable efficient in situ remediation of soil-groundwater contamination with minimal ecological cost and carbon footprint.This paper reviews the types and properties of the Fe/Mn-based nanomaterials,and the possible reaction mechanisms,including adsorption,precipitation,oxidation,reduction,and catalysis,between the Fe/Mn-based nanomaterials and environmental contaminants.Moreover,according to the current application status and bottlenecks of Fe/Mn-based nanomaterials in contaminated sites,the optimized strategies(e.g.,hetero-atom doping,surface/interface modification,facet engineering,defect engineering,and construction of composites)to improve the functionality of the Fe/Mn-based nanomaterials are also summarized.In the end,key research directions are pointed out to further the research in this field,such as site implementation and green synthesis of the Fe/Mn-based nanomaterials,and strategies for enhancing the mobility and selectivity of nanomaterials for in situ application in complex environment.
作者
刘雅琪
张展华
常青
张彤
陈威
Yaqi Liu;Zhanhua Zhang;Qing Chang;Tong Zhang;Wei Chen(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nankai University,Tianjin300350,China)
出处
《中国科学：化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期895-920,共26页
SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica
基金
国家杰出青年科学基金(编号:22125603)
国家自然科学基金重点国际(地区)合作研究项目(编号:22020102004)
天津市杰出青年科学基金(编号:21JCJQJC00060)
天津市自然科学基金重点项目(编号:20JCZDJC00690)资助。
关键词
铁锰基纳米材料
理化特征
优化合成策略
土壤-地下水污染修复
Fe/Mn-based nanomaterials
physicochemical properties
optimized strategies
soil-groundwater remediation
