摘要
基于欧拉-拉格朗日模型,建立高速列车客室流场与呼吸道飞沫耦合运动、扩散的数值模拟方法,研究飞沫初始释放位置、粒径以及速度对飞沫传输规律的影响。研究结果表明:在送风系统、客室内部结构以及乘客热羽流的共同作用下,各位置释放的同一粒径的飞沫蒸发速率差异较小;所考虑的散送-散回送风系统具有较好的对称性,超过95%的飞沫聚集在飞沫释放侧,只有极少量飞沫流动到中间过道以及非释放侧空间中;大粒径(大于100μm)飞沫由于重力作用,在6 s内快速沉降到客室表面,且主要集中在释放者周围1 m范围内,而小粒径(10μm)飞沫则在短时间快速蒸发并跟随客室气流一起运动,因此,小粒径飞沫比大粒径飞沫扩散范围更广;与说话产生的飞沫扩散范围(纵向、横向、垂向的最大移动距离分别为0.89、0.76和1.21 m)相比,在喷嚏的强射流作用下,呼吸道飞沫的最大扩散范围明显提高(最大移动距离分别增加4.87、2.59和1.09倍)。
Based on Eulerian-Lagrangian model,a numerical approach for the simulation of droplet's motion and dispersion in the passenger compartment of a high-speed train was presented.The influence of initial releasing location,initial diameter and releasing velocity on the droplet's transmission was investigated.The results show that the initial releasing location of droplets has little influence on the evaporation rate of droplets inside the passenger compartment environment.Due to the symmetricity of the distributed air supply-distributed air return system,at least 95% of the released droplets remain on the releasing side,and only a small portion of droplets flows into the space of aisle and non-releasing side.The large size droplets(with diameter of 100 μm or larger) will deposit on the physical surface within 6 s due to dominating gravitational load and mainly concentrate within 1 m from the releasing location,while the small size droplets with diameter of 10 μm evaporate rapidly and move with cabin's airflow.Thus,the small size droplets disperse further with a wider range than the large size droplets.Compared with spreading range of droplets released by speaking(the maximum moving distances along longitudinal,transverse and vertical directions are 0.89,0.76 and 1.21 m,respectively),sneezing generates a jet flow,leading to that the maximum transmission distance is increased by 4.87,2.59 and 1.09 times,respectively.
作者
徐任泽
伍钒
刘欢
钱博森
XU Renze;WU Fan;LIU Huan;QIAN Bosen(Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track,Ministry of Education,School of Traffic&Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technologies for Rail Traffic Safety,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;The Third Xiangya Hospital,Central South University,Changsha 410013,China)
出处
《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期2049-2059,共11页
Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52072413)
中国国家铁路集团有限公司重点研究计划项目(K2020J003)
湖南省研究生科研创新项目(160171003,150110041)。
关键词
高速列车
客室流场
呼吸道飞沫
飞沫扩散
多尺度仿真
high-speed train
passenger compartment's flow field
respiratory droplet
droplet's transmission
multiscale simulation
