摘要
生态文明建设是关系中华民族永续发展的千年大计。文章从自然保护地的视角出发,运用文本内容分析方法,从政策文本分析、政策演进趋势和政策演进特征三个方面构建自然保护地生态旅游发展政策体系框架,对1990-2021年我国108份生态旅游发展相关政策文件进行量化分析,揭示我国生态旅游事业发展的背后逻辑。结果表明:(1)1990-2021年,我国生态旅游政策参与主体和发布数量不断增加,涉及部门高达26个,政策类型主要以意见为主,占比34%,使用频率超过2000次的词语分别为“旅游”“生态”“建设”“发展”“保护”“国家”6个。(2)以2012年和2017年为2个时间节点,自然保护地生态旅游政策分为政策探索期、政策发展期和政策成熟期三个演进阶段。(3)政策演进呈现出新的特征,即政策发布与实施主体间的联动能力不断增强,政策工具逐渐多元化,政策内容也更加具体明确。文章提出要做好生态旅游功能分区、发挥政府引导作用,构建利益联结机制、拓宽主体参与渠道,善用政策工具、创新非正式制度等政策启示,以期为进一步完善生态旅游政策、提高政府治理水平提供参考。
The construction of ecological civilization is a millennium plan related to the sustainable development of Chinese nation.From the perspective of nature protected areas,the paper used the method of text content analysis to construct a policy framework for the development of ecotourism in nature protected areas from three aspects:policy text analysis,policy evolution trends and policy evolution characteristics.Quantitative analysis of policies related to the development of ecotourism revealed the logic behind the development of China's ecotourism.The results showed that:(1)From 1990 to 2021,the number of participants and releases of China's ecotourism policies continued to increase,involving 26 departments,and the policy types were mainly opinions,accounting for 34%,and 6 words with a frequency of more than 2000,including tourism,ecology,construction,development,protection and country.(2)Taking 2012 and 2017 as 2 time nodes,the ecotourism policies of nature protected areas were divided into three evolution stages:policy exploration period,policy development period and policy maturity period.(3)The evolution of policies presented new features,that is,the linkage between policy release and implementation subjects was continuously enhanced,policy tools were gradually diversified,and policy content was more specific and clear.Based on this,this paper put forward policy implications such as doing a good job in the division of ecotourism functions,giving full play to the guiding role of the government,building a mechanism for linking interests,broadening the channels for subject participation,making good use of policy tools,and innovating informal systems,so as to provide references for further improving ecotourism policies and the level of government governance.
作者
刘轩畅
彭嵋逸
徐雅琪
黄智君
LIU Xuanchang;PENG Meiyi;XU Yaqi;HUANG Zhijun(College of Humanities and Social Development,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Yangling 712100;National Academy of Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 102600;College of Economics and Management,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052)
出处
《林业经济》
北大核心
2023年第4期65-79,共15页
Forestry Economics
基金
国家林业和草原局委托项目“新形势下生态旅游发展政策研究”(编号:20200601)。
关键词
自然保护地
生态旅游
政策体系
内容分析
政策文献计量
nature protected areas
ecotourism
policy system
content analysis
policy literature measurement
