摘要
为保证生态系统不断补充兰花的种群数量,了解兰花周围的花卉资源如何影响兰花的结实成功率是很有必要的。为此,本论文研究了澳大利亚的两种特有物种Diuris pardina和Glossodia major的结实成功率与其周围花卉资源之间的关系。D.pardina模仿豌豆花,通过视觉欺骗手段吸引Pultenaea共花植物的专化传粉者;G.major展现假花药,吸引泛化传粉者。因为吸引密度更高的本地蜜蜂可以促进兰花传粉,我们假设这两个物种的结实成功率与其周围同种花和异种花的密度呈正相关。我们还假设D.pardina的成功结实与其周围Pultenaea花的丰度呈正相关。我们调查了澳大利亚南部的18个地块,统计了同种花和异种花的物种数、个体数和花朵数,以及成功结实的花朵数。对结实成功率与同种花的密度、周围花资源的多度、丰度和香农指数以及单个物种的花卉丰度进行了Pearson相关分析,发现D.pardina的结实成功率与周围同种花的密度相关,但G.major的结实成功率与周围同种花的密度无关,未发现结实成功率与异种花资源之间存在关联。D.pardina的结实成功率与Pultenaea的丰度无关,而与入侵物种法国薰衣草(Lavandula stoechas)呈正相关。
To maintain recruitment in orchid populations in an ecosystem setting,we must understand how surrounding floral resources affect fruiting success.We studied fruiting success in two endemic Australian species,Diuris pardina and Glossodia major,in relation to surrounding floral resources.Diuris pardina has a visually deceptive pollination strategy via mimicry of pea flowers,attracting pollinators associated with co-flowering plants of Pultenaea.Glossodia major displays dummy anthers and has a more generalist pollination strategy.We expected fruiting success of both species to positively correlate to conspecific and heterospecific floral density because orchid pollination should be enhanced by the attraction of higher densities of native bees.We expected fruiting success of D.pardina to positively correlate with abundance of Pultenaea flowers.Surveying 18 plots in South Australia,we counted species,individuals and flowers of conspecifics and heterospecifics and returned to count flowers that set fruit.We conducted Pearson correlations between fruiting success and density of conspecific flowers,richness,abundance and Shannon index of surrounding floral resources and floral abundance of individual species.Fruiting success was correlated with conspecific floral density for D.pardina but not G.major.No relationship was found between fruiting success and heterospecific floral resources.Fruiting success of D.pardina was not correlated with abundance of Pultenaea;instead it was positively correlated with the invasive species Lavandula stoechas.
基金
funded by the grant 327-2018-Australian Orchid Foundation-Climate and habitat condition controls on orchid populations-research outcomes associated with a citizen science program.
关键词
澳大利亚
欺骗性的
特有兰花
花资源
结实成功
授粉
Australia
deceptive
endemic orchids
floral resources
fruiting success
pollination
