摘要
为探讨不同种植模式对大豆生长发育和产量的影响,并确定适合黑龙江省大西江农场的最优大豆种植模式,以大豆品种黑河43为试验材料,连续3年在相同密度条件下设计了7种不同种植模式,对各种植模式下不同大豆生育期的土壤含水量、大豆农艺性状及其干物质积累量和产量进行分析。结果表明:不同种植模式下不同时期土壤含水量差异显著,垄作种植模式各时期土壤含水量均高于平播。干物质积累量和叶面积指数在生育生长期均呈先增后降的趋势。垄上四行不等行距模式大豆株高最高,为86.53 cm。大垄种小垄管模式茎粗最粗,为6.67 cm。常规垄播百粒重最大,为20.69 g。垄上三行模式底荚高最高,为16.97 cm。相关性分析显示:茎粗、单株粒数、单株荚数和单株粒重与产量呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.257,0.578,0.319和0.651,垄上四行不等行模式在这些方面表现较好,产量最高,为3364.91 kg·hm^(-2),比垄上三行模式产量高9%,比常规垄播模式产量高10%。综上所述,垄上四行不等行模式可作为黑龙江大西江农场的最优大豆种植模式,同时为相同积温带其他地区选择最优的种植模式提供参考。
In order to explore the effects of different cropping patterns on soybean growth and development and yield,and to determine the optimal soybean cropping pattern suitable for Daxijiang Farm in Heilongjiang Province,the Heihe 43 variety was used as the test material,three consecutive years seven distinct planting patterns were designed at the same density.The association between the leaf area index,dry matter accumulation,agronomic parameters,and yield during different fertility periods for each cropping pattern was investigated.The experimental findings revealed that the soil moisture content of the three cropping patterns differed considerably at different times,the soil moisture content of the monopoly cropping pattern was greater than the flat crop at different times.During the reproductive phase,dry matter accumulation and leaf area index increased and then decreased.The plant height of four rows with unequal spacing was the highest as 86.53 cm.Soybean plants were the thickest in the huge ridges planting and small ridges management pattern,for 6.67 cm.The 100-seed weight of 65 cm conventional ridge tillage was the highest,reaching 20.69 g.The layout with equal plant spacing in three rows produced the maximum pod height of 16.97 cm.Correlation analysis showed that stem thickness,seeds number per plant,pods number per plant and seeds weight per plant were highly significantly and positively correlated with yield,with correlation coefficients of 0.257,0.578,0.319 and 0.651,respectively.The four unequal rows on monopoly model out performed better than the three-row on monopoly model and the conventional monopoly sowing model in these aspects,with the highest yield of 3364.91 kgha^(-1),which was 9%higher than the three-row on monopoly model and 10%higher than the conventional monopoly sowing model.Finally,the four unequal rows on monopoly model may be chosen as the ideal soybean planting pattern in Daxijiang Farm of Heilongjiang province,and provides a theoretical foundation for selecting the optimal planting p
作者
王吉权
钱昌
王福林
兰佳伟
齐思远
WANG Ji-quan;QIAN Chang;WANG Fu-lin;LAN Jia-wei;QI Si-yuan(College of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)
出处
《大豆科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期316-325,共10页
Soybean Science
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0300105)。
关键词
大豆
农艺性状
干物质积累量
产量
种植模式
soybean
agronomic traits
dry matter accumulation
yield
planting patterns
