摘要
空气花粉被认为是空气污染物之一,可引起人群过敏反应,导致一系列过敏性疾病的发生或加重。但由于不同地区气候条件、植被和植物种类的差异,空气中的植物花粉种类和数量亦有所不同,所以空气花粉研究需要不同区域进行研究。通过对北京市北部2020年3月1日至10月15日的空气花粉监测,分析了空气花粉种类和浓度变化特征。结果显示,2020年北京市北部的花粉季从3月15日至9月5日,共172d,占全年总天数的47.0%。②不同植物花粉传播峰值有差异。③花粉总浓度变化呈双峰型,即3一5月为第一高峰,主要是树木花粉(如柏科、杨属、柳属、榆属);89月为第二高峰,主要是草本花粉(如蒿属、藜/苋科、禾本科)。④春季花粉数量显著高于秋季花粉数量,峰值出现在3月中下旬。
Airborne pollen is considered to be one of the air pollutants that can cause allergic reactions in humans,then leading to the occurrence or aggravation of a series of allergic diseases.The latest study showed that the positive rate of pollen allergens in allergic rhinitis patients in urban areas of Beijing is as high as 84.3%.However,due to the differences in climatic conditions,vegetation types and plant species in different regions,the types and amount of airborne pollen are also different.Therefore,research on airborne pollen needs to be conducted in different regions.In this study,we analyzed the characteristics of airborne pollen types and concentration variations by monitoring in the north of Beijing from 1 March to 15 October 2020.The results show that:1)The pollen season in the north of Beijing in 2020 started from 15 March(2.5%of the total annual amount)to 5 September(97.5%of the total annual amount),covering 172 days,accounting for 47.0%of the total days of the year.Among them,the days with pollen concentrations higher than 25 grains/1000 mm^(2),50 grains/1000 mm^(2),100 grains/1000 mm^(2),200 grains/1000 mm^(2),500 grains/1000 mm^(2),and 1000 grains/1000 mm^(2) were 142 d,124 d,97 d,73 d,38 d,and 10 d,respectively.2)A total of 20 pollen types were observed,among which the percentage of Cupressaceae pollen is the highest at 57.3%,followed by Moraceae(7.8%),Populus(6.6%),Pinus(6.1%),Ulmus(4.3%),Artemisia(3.9%),Rosaceae(3.6%),Betula(2.9%),Chenopodiaceae(1.7%).This is mainly because the plant species distributed in this study area are mainly trees and shrubs,especially the Cupressaceae,Salicaceae and Pinaceae,which have more higher pollen production.3)The total concentration of airborne pollen changes significantly and exhibits a bimodal pattern,that is,March to May is the first peak(mainly tree pollen,such as Cupressaceae,Populus,Salix and Ulmus);August to September is the second peak(mainly herbaceous pollen,such as Artemisia,Chenopodiaceae and Poaceae).Pollen concentration from June to July is the lowes
作者
孙爱芝
张海红
李雪银
叶彩华
Sun Aizhi;Zhang Haihong;Li Xueyin;Ye Caihua(College of Earth and Planetary Sciences/Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Beijing Huairou Hospital,Beijing 101499,China;Beijing Meteorological Service Center,Beijing 100097,China)
出处
《地理科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期737-744,共8页
Scientia Geographica Sinica
基金
北京市自然科学基金项目(8212038)
科技部科技基础资源调查专项(2022FY100103)
高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助。
关键词
空气花粉
花粉监测
花粉浓度季节特征
北京市北部
airborne pollen
pollen monitoring
seasonal characteristics of pollen concentration
the north of Beijing
