摘要
尧舜共同体在国民结构上出现了血缘与地缘的结合,具备了按地域划分国民的国家特质;在国家权力上社会公共权力得到发展,并初步具备了王权特征;在国家结构上呈现出复合制国家结构的初期特征。这三点与夏商国家具有基本的一致性,是其进入国家阶段的重要体现,唯其仍有一定原始性,所以可称为早期国家的初始阶段。文献与考古材料对尧舜共同体时期社会发展的反映有一致之处也有差异,其差异体现了早期国家初始阶段社会发展的三个特点:早期国家初始阶段,具备国家要素的城邑(或中心聚落)为少数,大多数古城和聚落的发展仍比较原始,规模小,社会形态单一,仍以血缘组织为统治基础;进入早期国家初始阶段的城邑(或中心聚落)大多规模较小,影响有限;从全国范围看,早期国家初始阶段社会发展处于多中心状态,直到夏商时期中原地区的核心和主导地位才得以凸显。
In terms of national structure,the Community of Yao and Shun appeared the combination of blood and geography,and possessed the national characteristics of dividing people according to region;In terms of state power,the social public power developed and initially had the characteristics of royal power;In the state structure,it showed the initial characteristics of the composite state structure.These three points were basically consistent with the Xia and Shang Dynasties,and were important embodiments of the Community of Yao and Shun entering the state stage.However,the Community of Yao and Shun still had a certain primordial nature,so it could be called the initial stage of the early state.There are similarities and differences between literature and archaeological materials in reflecting social development during the Period of Yao and Shun community,and the differences reflected three characteristics of social development in the initial stage of early countries:In the initial stage of the early state,there were few cities(or central settlements)with national elements,and most of the ancient cities and settlements were still relatively primitive in development,small in scale and single in social form,still ruling on the basis of blood organization;Cities(or central settlements)that entered the initial stage of the early state were many in size and had limited influence;From a national perspective,the social development of the early state was in a polycentric state at the initial stage,and it was not until the Xia and Shang Dynasties that the central Plains became prominent in its core and dominant position.
作者
李玲玲
Li Lingling(Henan Academy of Social Sciences,Zhengzhou 451464,China)
出处
《河南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第4期85-92,共8页
Journal of Henan Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(17ZDA179)
河南兴文化工程文化研究专项项目(2022XWH020)。
关键词
尧舜共同体
早期国家
夏商国家
Yao and Shun community
Early States
Xia and Shang Dynasties
