摘要
以烟台地区苹果主栽品种烟富3为试材,通过连续5年的定位试验,研究了硅钙钾镁肥与黄腐酸钾配施对酸化果园土壤化学性质、果树叶片功能、果实产量和品质的影响。结果表明:与空白对照相比,硅钙钾镁肥处理提高了土壤pH、碱解氮、速效钾、交换性钙镁含量及阳离子交换量,硅钙钾镁肥与黄腐酸钾配施后的土壤有机质、速效钾、交换性钙含量和阳离子交换量显著高于对照,分别提高11.6%、24.8%、24.7%和1.55 cmol/kg。单施硅钙钾镁肥提高了叶片SPAD值和叶面积,分别较对照提高6.05%和8.39%;硅钙钾镁肥和黄腐酸钾配施显著改善叶片功能,叶片SPAD值和叶面积分别较对照提高11.9%和16.1%。单施硅钙钾镁肥及其与黄腐酸钾配施均能显著提高单果重和产量,分别较对照增加9.4%~11.8%和11.4%~14.8%;果实可溶性固形物、固酸比、维生素C含量和硬度分别较对照增加了8.6%~10.2%、14.1%~16.8%、10.1%~12.3%和3.2%~3.8%,差异显著。综合评价,硅钙钾镁肥可有效改良土壤,改善苹果叶片功能,提高苹果产量和品质;硅钙钾镁肥与黄腐酸钾配施比单施硅钙钾镁肥效果更加显著。
Effects of silicon-calcium-potassium magnesium fertilizer combined with fulvic acid potassium on soil chemical properties,leaf function,fruit yield and quality in Yanfu 3 apple orchard with acidified soils were studied in Yantai area.The results showed that soil pH value,the contents of alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen,available potassium,exchangeable calcium and magnesium,and cation exchange capacity were increased by silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer,compared with control.The contents of soil organic matter,available potassium,exchangeable calcium and cation exchange capacity were significantly increased by 11.6%,24.8%,24.7%and 1.55 cmol/kg,respectively,by applying silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer combined with fulvic acid potassium.Leaf SPAD value and leaf area increased significantly by 11.9%and 16.1%compared with control by applying silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer combined with fulvic acid potassium,while increased by 6.05%and 8.39%when applying silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer alone.Applying silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer combined with fulvic acid potassium significantly increased fruit weight and yield by 9.4%~11.8%and 11.4%~14.8%,respectively.Fruit soluble solid,solid acid ratio,Vc content and fruit firmness increased significantly by 8.6%~10.2%,14.1%~16.8%,10.1%~12.3%and 3.2%~3.8%,respectively.Comprehensive evaluation showed that silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer could effectively improve soil chemical properties,function of apple leaves,and yield and quality of fruit.Effects of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer combined with fulvic acid potassium was more significant than silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer alone in apple orchard with acidified soils.
作者
陈海宁
高文胜
郑磊
樊兆博
刘保友
刘宏斌
CHEN Hai-ning;GAO Wen-sheng;ZHENG Lei;FAN Zhao-bo;LIU Bao-you;LIU Hong-bin(Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science,Yantai Shandong 265500;Shandong Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Jinan Shandong 251000;Heze Kingenta Ecological Engineering Co.,Ltd,Heze Shandong 274000)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期82-87,共6页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
2021年山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)(2021CXGC010802、2021CXGC010602)
国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC1900205)
泰山产业领军人才工程项目(LJNY202125)
山东省果品产业技术体系(SDAIT-06-11)
烟台市科技发展计划项目(2021NYNC015)。
关键词
硅钙钾镁肥
黄腐酸钾
土壤性质
产量
品质
silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer
potassium fulvic acid
soil properties
yield
quality
