摘要
针对雨天高速公路交通安全和通行效率问题,通过考虑降雨强度对水膜厚度和能见度的影响,基于不同降雨条件下的路面附着系数,建立了随机减速幅度随车速变化的大小车混合交通流元胞自动机模型。根据车辆速度、最大减速度及与前车的间距判断是否发生交通冲突。最大减速度随着雨量增加而减小。构建了以交通冲突率和平均行程时间为代表的交通安全与通行效率评价指标。通过微观仿真手段,以中雨为例分析了大小车比例、减速概率、车辆到达率和换道概率对冲突率和平均行程时间的影响,研究了暴雨、大雨、中雨条件下限速值对冲突率和平均行程时间的影响,以寻找不同降雨条件下的最佳限速值。仿真结果表明:减少车辆到达率、缩小大车比例、降低减速概率和提高换道概率有助于缩短高速公路平均行程时间;减少车辆到达率、降低减速概率、换道概率和大小车混合程度有助于降低冲突率;相同降雨条件下,平均行程时间随着限速值的增加而下降,冲突率随着限速值的增加而上升;不同降雨条件下,冲突率随着降雨强度的增加而上升,最佳限速值随着降雨强度的增加而下降。综合考虑交通安全性与交通效率,建议高速公路暴雨和大雨条件下小型车辆限速值分别取60 km/h和80 km/h。
In order to solve the problems of traffic safety and efficiency on expressways in rainy days,considering the influence of rainfall intensity on the water film thickness and visibility,a cellular automaton model of mixed traffic flow with random deceleration amplitude varying with vehicle speed is established based on the road surface adhesion coefficient under different rainfall conditions.Whether there is a traffic conflict is determined according to the vehicle speed,maximum deceleration and the distance between the vehicle and the front vehicle.The maximum deceleration rate decreases with the increase of rainfall intensity.The traffic safety and traffic efficiency evaluation indicators represented by traffic conflict rate and average travel time are constructed.By means of micro simulation,taking moderate rain for example,the influences of the ratio of large and small vehicles,the probability of slowing down,the vehicle arrival rate and the probability of lane changing on the conflict rate and travel time are analyzed.The influence of the speed limit value on the conflict rate and average travel time under the scenarios of rainstorm,heavy rain and moderate rain is studied to find the best speed limit value under different rainfall conditions.The simulation result indicates that(1)the average travel time on expressway can be shorten by reducing the deceleration probability and increasing the lane changing probability;(2)reducing the arrival rate of vehicles,reducing the deceleration probability,lane changing probability and the mixing degree of large and small vehicles will help to reduce the conflict rate;(3)under the same rainfall condition,the average travel time decreases with the increase of the speed limit value,while the conflict rate increases with the increase of the speed limit value;(4)under different rainfall conditions,the conflict rate increases with the increase of rainfall intensity,while the optimal speed limit decreases with the increase of rainfall intensity.In comprehensive consideration of
作者
李素兰
施俊庆
张谢东
陈林武
夏顺娅
LI Su-lan;SHI Jun-qing;ZHANG Xie-dong;CHEN Lin-wu;XIA Shun-ya(School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430063,China;Wuhan Urban Road,Bridge and Tunnel affairs Center,Wuhan Hubei 430015,China;School of Engineering,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua Zhejiang 321004,China)
出处
《公路交通科技》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期194-200,208,共8页
Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development
基金
湖北省交通运输厅科技项目(2016-13-1-3)。
关键词
交通工程
可变限速控制
元胞自动机模型
雨天
仿真技术
traffic engineering
variable speed-limit control
cellular automaton model
rainy day
simulation technology
