摘要
目的了解中国部分地区县级疾病预防控制机构(Center for disease control and prevention,CDC)和接种单位的免疫规划(Expanded Program on Immunization,EPI)成本。方法采用多阶段抽样方法在中国东部、中部和西部地区随机选取6个省54家县级CDC和108家接种单位,调查2021年EPI成本和经费来源,分别按出生人数和EPI疫苗接种剂次数测算人均和剂均成本。结果调查地区县级CDC、接种单位的EPI总成本分别为2931.30万元、3029.41万元,其中人员报酬占比分别为42.70%、58.29%。县级CDC、接种单位的EPI人均成本分别为104.33元/人、564.95元/人,剂均成本分别为3.49元/剂、26.37元/剂。中央财政、省级财政、市级财政、县级财政、创收、其他来源的经费在县级CDC的EPI总经费中分别占15.84%、7.98%、2.44%、69.55%、3.44%、0.76%,在接种单位的EPI总经费中分别占8.42%、5.77%、2.55%、59.70%、22.96%、0.60%。结论调查地区2021年县级CDC和接种单位的EPI成本有所增加,其中人员报酬占比最高;政府投入是EPI经费的主要来源。各级政府需根据EPI工作内容的增加进行合理投入。
Objective To explore costs of the Expanded Program on Immunization in county-level centers for disease control and prevention(CDCs)and vaccination units in China.Methods We used a multistage sampling method to randomly select 54 county-level CDCs and 108 vaccination units in 6 provinces of eastern,central,and western China.We collected data on EPI costs and funding sources in 2021 and estimated average cost per birth and per EPI vaccine dose.Results Overall EPI costs for county-level CDCs and vaccination units were 2931.30 and 3029.41 ten-thousand yuan,respectively,of which personnel compensation accounted for 42.70%and 58.29%.EPI costs per birth for county-level CDCs and vaccination units were 104.33 and 564.95 yuan and costs per vaccine dose were 3.49 and 26.37 yuan.National,provincial,prefectural,and county-level financial support;revenue;and other financing sources accounted for 15.84%,7.98%,2.44%,69.55%,3.44%,and 0.76% of total county-level CDC EPI funding,and 8.42%,5.77%,2.55%,59.70%,22.96%,and 0.60%of total vaccination unit EPI funding.Conclusions EPI costs for county-level CDCs and vaccination units increased in 2021.Personnel compensation was the costliest part of EPI;government provided most EPI financing.Rational government financing practices at all levels should take into consideration an increasing EPI workload.
作者
张习习
李力
刘丽珺
许长沙
宋祎凡
张肇南
曾淇民
程立雪
叶家楷
曹雷
余文周
Zhang Xixi;Li Li;Liu Lijun;Xu Changsha;Song Yifan;Zhang Zhaonan;Zeng Qimin;Cheng Lixue;Ye Jiakai;Cao Lei;Yu Wenzhou(National Immunization Program,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Bejing 100050,China;Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China;Suqian Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Suqian 223800,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《中国疫苗和免疫》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期131-137,共7页
Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization
基金
中国CDC公共卫生应急反应机制的运行(131031001000200001)。
关键词
免疫规划
成本
经费来源
疾病预防控制机构
接种单位
Expanded Program on Immunization
Cost
Funding source
Center for disease control and prevention
Vaccination unit
