摘要
回族在陕、甘、宁、青、新西北五省区聚集生活,且共性与特性并存,使得西北五省区成为研究回族汉语方言的沃土。尽管西北地区汉语方言同属中原官话和兰银官话,但回族汉语方言还是有一些不同之处,在语音、词汇、语法系统中体现出特有的元素。立足于语言接触的视域下,研究西北地区回族汉语方言嬉变历程,是一个值得探索的命题。语言接触是一切交流的起点,语言通过接触开始竞争,从而形成语言的演变面貌。语言的“演化和竞争”促成了语言的变迁,并产生了语言结构的演化层次。语言演变需要很多条件的支撑,了解语言竞争的面貌是研究语言演变层次的直接途径。以西北回族汉语方言音韵结构演化与竞争的两种变迁途径为线索,将西北回族具有代表性的方言点的音值特点与地理、社会等语言生存环境紧密结合得出音韵内部的关联与外部的差异,以此来论证西北汉语方言与语言接触的关系。语言之间频繁交流带来的异质结构成分通过接触叠加在方言音韵内部时,出现了竞争形式、条件、方向和层次的多样性,其中“文白异读”成为异质方言音类渗透、竞争形式的表现。通过展现西北回族汉语方言文白差异、追溯文白异读在汉语音韵史的不同层面、行政区域的变动与民族的形成,来探讨西北回族汉语方言文白异读与语言接触关系。
The Huizu live together in Shaanxi,Gansu,Ningxia,Qinghai and Xinjiang,where their similarities and characteristics coexist.This is a universal phenomenon,which makes the five Northwest provinces become the fertile soil for the study of Hui Chinese dialects.Although the Chinese dialects in Northwest China belong to both Zhongyuan Mandarin and Lanyin Mandarin,there are some differences in the Hui Chinese dialects,which embody unique elements in the phonetic,vocabulary and grammatical system.Based on the perspective of language contact,it is a proposition worth exploring to study the evolution process of Hui Chinese dialects in Northwest China.Language contact is the starting point of all communication,through which language begins to compete,thus forming the evolving face of language.The"evolution and competition"of language have contributed to the change of language and produced the evolutionary level of language structure.The evolution of language needs the support of many conditions.Understanding the face of language competition is a direct way to study the level of language evolution.As a clue of the evolution and competition of the phonological structure of the Northwest Hui Chinese dialects,this paper closely combines the phonological value characteristics of the representative dialect points of the Northwest Hui with the geographical and social language living environment to get the internal correlation and external differences of phonology,and then demonstrates the relationship between the Northwest Chinese dialects and language contact.When the heterogeneous structural components from frequent languages'exchange superpose within the dialect phonology bycontact,there are some diversities of competition,conditions,direction and level,including"The Differences between Literal and Colloquial Readings",which on behalf of heterogeneous dialect sounds penetration and competition.The paper reveals differences the literal and colloquial readings of the northwest Hui Chinese dialects,tracing the different aspects of
出处
《高原文化研究》
2023年第1期145-160,共16页
Plateau Culture Research
基金
青海省2021年“昆仑英才·高端创新人才”计划资助项目
2023年青海民族大学校级项目“西北汉语方言文白异读形成原因调研报告”(项目编号:23GH16)阶段性成果。
关键词
文白异读
西北回族汉语方言
语言接触
literal and colloquial reading
northwest Hui Chinese dialect
language contact
