摘要
通过梳理中国铁路发展和投融资政治经济环境演化,试图分析不同阶段铁路建设与多层级国土空间发展的关系演变。随着中国市场经济建立及融入全球化进程,铁路发展事权下移,中央和地方在铁路建设目标和利益导向存在不同程度的差异,决定了铁路投融资结构、线路安排和站点区位选择,影响了铁路发展的空间效应。新中国成立以来,铁路建设与国土空间发展关系可分为4个阶段:铁路建设适应国土空间发展(1949―1978年)、铁路建设滞后国土空间发展(1978―2004年)、铁路建设追随国土空间发展(2004―2013年)、铁路建设引领国土空间发展(2013年至今)。各时期铁路发展主体、建设模式及其空间效应有显著差异,呈现出从建设普通铁路以满足区域物质运输、人口流动,到规划高铁来引领多尺度空间重构的发展趋势。近10多年来高铁建设成为铁路发展的主要形式,形成了以中央为主导的国家骨干网为基础,推动国家级发展轴线与城市群建设;以省市政府为主导的城际网络为基础,推动都市圈和同城化发展的多层级格局。展望未来,高铁建设需要加强站点与城市空间的协同发展,提升高铁效应在不同尺度的相互作用,进而推动空间协调发展。
Based on a literature review and policy analysis,this study investigates the evolution of China's railway investment and financing,planning,and development in the context of its market-oriented reform.The relationship between railway and multi-level spatial development is divided into specific periods.The features of different stages are summarized from the perspective of railway financing structure,route arrangement,station location,and their spatial effects.This study contributes to our understanding of the changing multi-level governance of railway development in China in the long run and the rationale of the pattern of high-speed rail network development in the country.With the establishment of China's market-oriented economy and its integration into economic globalization,the central and local governments have different interests and objectives in railway development,which have affected railway investment and financing structure,route arrangement,and station location,and finally resulted in different spatial effects of railway development.Since the establishment of the People's Republic of China,the relationship could be divided into four periods:i)railway services adapted to national economic and spatial development(1949-1978),ii)railway services lagged behind national economic and spatial development(1978-2004),iii)railway construction followed national economic and spatial development(2004-2013),and iv)railway construction led national economic and spatial development(2013-present).The main body of railway development,construction mode,and spatial effects were significantly varied across different periods.In the planned economy period,railway planning construction adapted to national strategic policies and social and economic needs.As China's institution of the market economy was established and urbanization and industrialization developed rapidly,railway construction was hindered by funding constraints,resulting in a significant gap between railway services supply and the increasing national transportati
作者
孔冰清
王磊
段学军
Kong Bingqing;Wang Lei;and Duan Xuejun(Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《热带地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期859-871,共13页
Tropical Geography
基金
江苏省自然科学基金优秀青年项目(BK20200109):长江三角洲城市群高铁网络发展的区域一体化效应、机理与规划调控研究。
关键词
铁路建设
高铁
国土空间发展
发展阶段
多层级管治
railway development
high-speed rail
multiscale spatial development
development periods
multilevel governance
