摘要
无字印是汉墓中较为特殊的随葬品,无字的原因分为原本没有刻写与印文被侵蚀两种情况。从无字印与其他印的组合关系及墓葬情境来看,无字印的性质应是代表墓主身份的明器官印。没有刻写印文的原因,一是朝廷对官印的管理严格,使刻写印文存在一定的风险;二是印章作为社会权力、信用的标志物,具有符号化的意义,即便没有印文的印章也可彰显墓主的社会身份。无字印在汉墓中的流行是官僚阶层崛起的重要标志,是社会变革在丧葬礼俗中的直接反映。对于无字印的深入探索,既有助于识别墓主的身份,也有助于从丧葬礼俗视角加深对汉代社会的理解。
The non-charactered seal as a kind of burial objects in the tombs of the Han dynasty is,as usually explained,either blank as its original feature or with the text eroded away over the years.Judging by the seals with or without characters in the specific contexts of the tombs,the non-charactered seal is actually used by the tomb master when he is alive,which is rested with its owner together as the identity of his status.The causes for the making of non-charactered seals are summed up as the following possibly:one is that the seal with message takes potential risks under the strict official supervision;the other is that any one seal symbolizes one's social power and credit equivalently,charactered or non-charactered,which is buried together to stand for the status of the tomb master.The non-charactered seal as a common funerary item in the Han-dynasty tomb embodies the reformed funeral rites of that time indicating the rising bureaucratic class,representing the tomb master's status,and reflecting the society of the Han dynasty in a way.
出处
《故宫博物院院刊》
北大核心
2023年第5期72-83,128,共13页
Palace Museum Journal
基金
国家社科基金青年项目“社会变革视域下的汉代官吏墓丧葬礼制研究”(项目编号:22CKG012)的阶段性成果。
关键词
汉墓
无字印
身份塑造
the Han-dynasty tombs
non-charactered seal
createone'sstatus
